1.Bone marrow aspiration and bone marrow biopsy: Diagnostic techniques for extracting bone marrow fluid and bone marrow tissue, including MICM testing, bone marrow histopathology, immunohistochemical testing, etc. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy are mildly painful and without any risks and complications. 2, chromosome, fusion gene detection: genetic and molecular testing of hematological diseases, mainly used for MICM diagnosis of leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes and other hematological diseases, which is of particular importance for the prediction and evaluation of efficacy, and for probing the “targets” of molecular targeted therapy. FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization): a physical mapping method that uses fluorescein-labeled probes to detect hybridization of probes and chromosomes in mid-division or chromatin in interphase, FISH technology is mainly used for gene localization and abnormal chromosome detection in hematologic patients. 4.Immunofixation electrophoresis: A detection technique combining zone electrophoresis and immunoprecipitation reaction for the identification and typing of monoclonal globulins and polyclonal globulins, which is an important tool for the diagnosis of myeloma and macroglobulinemia, with the advantages of short detection cycle, high sensitivity and high resolution. 5.Molecular targeting therapy: It is at the cellular molecular level, targeting the already defined target (oncogenic site), the drug enters the body and specifically selects the target to combine with the effect, specifically removing the tumor cells without affecting the normal cells. Examples of targeted therapy: Imatinib for slow-onset, PH-positive acute leukemia, CD20 monoclonal antibody for lymphoma, and vincristine for acute promyelocytic leukemia.