The treatment of primary thrombocytopenia includes treatment for the primary disease and targeted treatment, and there is no such thing as the best treatment. 1. Acute primary thrombocytopenia in children is often associated with viral infections, mostly self-limiting, with targeted treatment, such as oseltamivir anti-infection treatment. Whether to treat acute primary thrombocytopenia in adults depends mainly on the severity of the patient’s bleeding rather than the platelet count. For platelets greater than 30 x 10^9/L and asymptomatic, treatment is usually not required. 2. If platelets are less than 30×10^9/L and there is severe bleeding, glucocorticosteroids such as prednisone are preferred, and high-dose intravenous gammaglobulin infusion may be used if the patient is critically ill. If the effect of glucocorticoid treatment is not good, splenectomy can be chosen. 3. For chronic primary thrombocytopenia not well treated by glucocorticoid or splenectomy, or not suitable for glucocorticoid or splenectomy, immunosuppressants such as vincristine and cyclophosphamide can be used. Thrombopoietic drugs can also be used. Primary immune thrombocytopenia is caused by excessive destruction of platelets sensitized by immune-mediated autoantibodies by the monocyte-macrophage system, and it can occur at all ages, usually acute in children and chronic in adults. Clinical manifestations include varying degrees of platelet count reduction, with or without skin and mucosal bleeding symptoms. Specific diagnosis and treatment need to be carried out under the guidance of physicians.