Female urinary incontinence may be related to physiological causes such as pregnancy and menopause; it may also be related to congenital diseases such as supraurethral fissure, trauma, surgery, neurogenic bladder and other causes. 1. Physiological reasons: the fetus can press on the bladder when a woman is pregnant, leading to stress incontinence; estrogen decreases in menopausal women, leading to a decrease in the function of the bladder and urethra, which makes them prone to urinary incontinence. 2. Pathological causes: normal urinary control generally involves neural regulation, urinary sphincter regulation, urethral mucosal closure, etc. Therefore, when any one of these causes causes an abnormality, urinary incontinence may occur. (1) Congenital diseases: when a woman suffers from congenital diseases such as urethral episiotomy, it can lead to urinary incontinence due to the abnormal structure of the urethra. (2) Trauma: When a woman’s urethra is traumatized during childbirth or when a pelvic fracture causes trauma to the urethral mucosa or damage to the sphincter muscle, urinary incontinence can occur. (3) Surgery: When a woman undergoes surgery such as hysterectomy, the muscles and ligaments that support the bladder are easily damaged, leading to urinary incontinence. (4) Neurogenic bladder: when women have neurogenic bladder due to various reasons such as cranial tumor, diabetes, alcoholism, etc., it leads to the disorder of nerve regulation, resulting in the symptoms of urinary incontinence. There are many other causes of urinary incontinence in women, and the causes should be clarified under the guidance of doctors in order to be treated actively.