The application of tumor markers (TM) in physical examination TM detection technology is almost the only way to detect asymptomatic microfocal tumors at an early stage so far. A positive TM test does not necessarily indicate a tumor, but is only an indication and signal that the test subject belongs to a high-risk group and should be alerted and noticed. If the test is positive, the cause of the test should be investigated in the context of the clinical situation. If the test is repeatedly positive, an in-depth clinical examination should be performed. The negative impact of false-positive and false-negative results on medical examiners Most medical examiners are overly panicked and depressed once they have a positive result of a single index, which affects their work, diet and sleep. In serious cases, they go around for medical checkups and spend a lot of time, energy and money. In addition, wrong results can cause medical disputes. Treat TM test results correctly and do publicity work to help people correctly recognize and understand the clinical significance of TM testing, and guide medical examiners in correct selection and application. Especially for high-risk groups: such as those with family history of tumors, patients with liver cirrhosis, and those with poor living and behavioral habits such as heavy smoking and alcohol consumption, regular TM testing is of great importance . Correct treatment of TM test results Correct analysis and judgment of positive results, evaluation and interpretation of results should be done with extreme caution Among healthy physical examiners, there are many factors that cause false positives: Certain benign diseases, such as benign liver diseases, AFP, CA199, CEA, β2 microglobulin and CA199, CEA and PSA levels can also be elevated in renal failure. Certain physiological changes, such as pregnancy and menstruation, AFP, CA125, and human chorionic gonadotropin are also elevated. Autoimmune diseases, such as lupus erythematosus and glomerulonephritis, tend to have positive reactions for tumor markers. Correct treatment of positive results: In addition to careful clinical observation and necessary tests, positive patients should be instructed to repeat the test after 2 to 3 weeks, and the test should be repeated 2 to 3 times. If there is no tumor present, most of the false positive values will decrease or show negative reaction. If the results are positive for 3 times in a row, the positive person should be advised to go to the hospital for clinical examination of relevant specialties (such as CT, MRI or PET-CT, etc.) to further clarify the cause. Correct treatment of TM test results About false negative results False negative factors of tumor itself include: size of tumor and number of tumor cells; cell or cell surface is closed; speed of synthesis and secretion of TM by tumor cells; poor blood circulation of tumor tissue itself, the tumor markers produced by it cannot be secreted to peripheral blood, etc. Objective factors include: improper collection and storage of blood specimens, insufficient amount of specimens; interfering factors in the test such as cross-reactivity and hooking effect. In particular, hookeffect, i.e., if the concentration of antigen in the sample to be tested is too high in enzyme-linked immunoassay or immunoradiometric assay, high concentration hysteresis will occur, at which time the immune reaction is significantly inhibited and the measurement result is low. Regular follow-up and health intervention should be carried out for positive results of physical examination. Through TM testing in physical examination, high-risk groups are screened out, files are established, and regular follow-ups are carried out for different situations to urge them to review regularly. Advise on bad habits and behaviors. The implementation of this work requires a strong sense of responsibility among medical staff to prevent negative effects on individuals due to inadvertent work. For example, some leading cadres, who are worried about their health affecting their development prospects, should pay special attention to protecting their personal privacy. Conclusion TM testing plays a limited role in screening healthy populations, and the cost of testing is high, and the results have a high impact on clinical orientation and on the psychology of the examinee. Therefore, it is not recommended for extensive screening of healthy populations. However, screening for tumors in high-risk groups and groups aged 50 years or older can play a role in early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment Conclusion Because of the poor organ specificity and tumor specificity of TM, which exists both in tumors and in the blood and body fluids of normal people and non-tumor patients, each person has their own basal level for TM, and diagnosis cannot be made solely on the basis of exceeding the reference range, nor is it advocated for Screening of asymptomatic people is not recommended, and the evaluation and interpretation of the results should be done with extreme caution. The evaluation and interpretation of the results should be done with extreme caution. Sometimes, the practical value of the test results on the existence, development and prognosis of tumors can be improved only after careful analysis of the test results with the help of relevant ancillary tests. TM test is a special examination item and should be treated seriously as a medical examination worker. A comprehensive understanding of the current status of TM, its clinical application value and its limitations will help medical examiners to correctly recognize, understand and select it. At the same time, due to the high cost of this test, both health factors and the economic interests of the medical examiners should be taken into consideration, and the medical examiners should be correctly guided to choose and apply TM testing reasonably.