The first year after the birth of a child, jaundice, crying, frequent night waking …… various problems of raising a baby, tormenting each mother is older than a dozen years, the new mother needs to know too much! Want to raise your baby healthy and cute, be sure to put this treasure book away! The first year of your baby’s life is the first month: jaundice, the second month: crying, the third month: raising the head, the fourth month: adding supplementary food, the fifth month: teething, the sixth month: carrying milk, the seventh month: sitting, the eighth month: crawling, the ninth month: sleeping through the night, the tenth month: calling the mother, the eleventh month: standing, walking, the twelfth month: weaning, about the amount of milk, to know how much your baby needs to eat, you have to first understand the size of the baby’s stomach and growth characteristics. A newborn baby’s stomach capacity is only 30-35 ml; at 3 months, it is about 100 ml; at 6 months, it is 200 ml; at 1 year, it is 300-500 ml; at 1 to 2 days of age, a newborn baby can only eat 20-30 ml each time, but after a few days, it can reach 60 ml. From 15 days of birth to full term, if digestion is normal, they eat about 60-100ml per meal. From 1 to 2 months of age, the amount of milk gradually increases according to body weight, and the baby is fed 6-7 times a day, each time at an interval of 3.5-4 hours, and eats about 80-120 ml at each meal. Up to 150ml can be eaten. From 2 to 3 months, feed 5~6 times a day, every four hours, and eat 150~200ml of milk each time. 3~4 months, each serving is 200ml, 5 times a day; if you feed 6 times a day, the amount of each feeding should not exceed 200ml. From 6 to 9 months, feed every four hours, 200~250ml per serving, change from four to three feeds a day, and gradually use aids starting from replacing half a meal to replacing one meal. From 9 to 12 months, the whole day is reduced from eating three meals to eating two meals of milk, 250 ml each time, still mastering to eat once every four hours, and the other meals are all supplemental food. Feed water between each two milk meals. About drinking water The metabolism of children is particularly strong, the need for water is more than adults, the younger the baby the more water is needed. The main sources of water are plain water, fruit juices, meal juices, and food (including milk). The amount of fluid needed per day is roughly 120-150 ml for infants and 100-140 ml for toddlers, per kilogram of body weight. Your baby’s daily water intake can be calculated by multiplying the weight (kg) by 120 to 150 to get the total daily amount of fluid, and then subtracting the amount of milk and the amount of water in your baby’s food to get your baby’s daily water intake. About sleep Newborn baby 18 hours a day, each sleep time is about 45 minutes; 1-3 months about 16 hours a day, each sleep time is about 1-2 hours, need to sleep about 4 times during the day; 4-6 months to ensure that the sleep time is 14 hours a day, the baby will begin to slowly develop a regular rest time; 7-12 months the number of daytime sleep gradually reduced, the whole day sleep time The above standard is only for reference, the specific sleep time should be adjusted according to the baby’s specific situation, especially don’t wake the baby up when the baby is sleeping, to maintain adequate sleep is especially critical for the baby’s growth and development. About spitting up Because the newborn’s stomach and throat are not yet mature, the cardia area (the entrance to the stomach) is still relatively loose. Therefore, it is normal for newborns to spit up milk, so mothers should not worry too much. Most babies basically spit up several times a day for the first few months after birth. There are several reasons why newborns spit up, sometimes because they eat too much and their bodies want to vomit up the extra milk; sometimes because they suck in air when they eat milk but fail to burp it out, and once their stomachs contract, they spit up milk. When the baby grows up, the cardia grows stronger and can burp on its own, it will no longer spit up. However, when your baby spits up, you should pay attention to your baby’s mental state and physical condition after spitting up. If your baby is depressed, wants to sleep, or has a fever after spitting up, you may be sick. The correct posture for burping your baby 1. Hold your baby upright on your shoulders, use your hands and body strength to hold your baby in place, and then pat your baby’s upper back with your palms; 2. Let your baby sit on your lap towards you, support your baby’s head, jaw and home hama with one hand, and pat your baby’s upper back with your hand; 3. Place your baby horizontally and let him/her lie on his/her side on your lap, with your baby’s head slightly facing down. The mother holds the lower half of the baby’s body with one hand and pat the baby’s upper back with the other hand. The first time to start adding complementary foods should be between 4 and 6 months, and should start as early as 4 months (i.e. 5th month). Even if the breast milk is very sufficient, full 6 months should start to add complementary foods; full 4 months, the best starting complementary food should be infant nutritional rice flour; puree added between meals, preferably not mixed with complementary foods; after 6 months, rice flour can be added to some vegetable puree; after 7-8 months can start to add egg yolk, meat puree, fish soup should be later, to prevent allergies; after 9 months slowly transition to adult food, to be light and At 10 months of age, two complete complementary feedings can be carried out. Children within 1 year of age, especially those with eczema, should not add foods that can trigger allergies in children such as milk and related foods, egg proteins, shelled seafood, soy/peanuts, etc. Children with eczema should start trying egg yolks later (at least 8 months). If egg yolk is intolerant, stop it firmly. Soy milk should not be given to children under 1 year old as it may aggravate allergic eczema. Iron deficiency anemia supplement for infants Foods containing iron are the best source of blood supplementation. How should infants take blood supplements? To prevent anemia in infants and young children, iron-rich and easily absorbed foods must be added from 4 months after birth. 1. Animal liver. Liver is rich in nutrients and contains 25 mg of iron per 100 g of pig liver, which is easily absorbed by the body. In order to facilitate the consumption of children, a variety of animal liver can be made into liver puree, liver soup with seasonings steamed and fed. 2, egg yolk. Each 100 grams of egg yolk contains 7 mg of iron. Although the absorption rate is only 3%, but the egg yolk fat is easy to digest and rich in vitamins. 3, animal blood. Iron utilization rate in pig blood and chicken blood is 12%, and animal blood can be made into blood tofu for consumption. 4, tofu type. Various kinds of tofu and products also contain iron, add seasoning can be made into soft dishes for consumption. 5, sesame paste. Each 100 grams contains 58 mg of iron, can be made into a variety of baby staple food, or into the porridge to eat. 6, vegetables and fruits. Vegetables and fruits can be made into vegetable puree, or chopped and cooked for soft consumption. Baby anemia is generally iron deficiency anemia, so blood supplementation is important to replenish iron. The mother should pay attention to the absorption of iron to ensure that the iron content of breast milk is sufficient, and eat more iron-containing foods in the diet, such as fungus, beef, lean meat, pork liver, spinach and other foods. To the child’s bath to pay attention to a few key Ma Ma every day to help the baby bath, in addition to washing clean, but also pay attention to some parts of the baby’s body, some disease abnormalities usually have early signs in a part of the body Oh! 1. corner of the eye: if the corner of the eye with eye droppings appear, it means that the child has liver fire, when the child is often prone to tantrums, disobedience. You can squeeze some celery juice and cook porridge to drink. 2. Tongue: If a child’s tongue and tongue edge is red, it means that there is heart fire. Sores on the tongue, red tongue tip, yellow urine, sleepless dreams, crying and irritability, hot hands and feet, and other symptoms indicate that the baby has heart fire. 3. corner of the mouth: careful observation, some children often have “white stubble” in the corner of the mouth, caused by dry mouth, indicating that there is a spleen fire. Quickly put out the fire, otherwise, the child will soon give you color to see. 4. anus: the anus of a child is normally pink, when there is heat in the intestines, it will appear red, the darker the color, the greater the internal fire. Once found to be red, we must give the child to eat some fire-eliminating vegetables or fruits. 5. stool: every time the child stool, parents should observe the child, whether the stool is easy, smooth, how the child’s expression. If the child is in pain and struggling to get out, and the stool is not soft yellow stool, and there is bad breath, then there is a stomach fire. 6. palms: if it is cool and moist, then you can rest assured. If it is dry, hot and dry, and sweating at night, then there is a deficiency fire. Such a child, weak, but also can not use cold food, hurt rather more difficult to do. Give him a chiropractic, rubbing the heart of the foot, is a good way. 6 food therapy tricks to deal with baby fire Baby fire, if there is no induced disease and serious discomfort, it is generally not recommended to rush to the baby to eat fire medicine, but first start with the diet to improve. 1, lotus seeds and lily soup Ingredients: 15 grams of lotus seeds, 15 grams of dried lilies, 1 egg, an appropriate amount of sugar. Practice: first remove the core of the lotus seeds, then put together with lily in a casserole dish, add water, cook with a gentle fire until the meat of the lotus seeds rotten, mix in the right amount of sugar to eat. Efficacy: lily is mildly cold, has the effect of clearing heat and moistening the lungs to stop coughing, and is effective in treating residual heat after a fever, sore throat, heartburn and thirst. To the baby cook a bowl of chain lily soup, with the benefit of the spleen and stomach, moisten the lungs, tranquilize the mind. 2, snow pear silver fungus soup Ingredients: 1 snow pear, 30 grams of water hair silver fungus, 5 grams of shellfish, appropriate amount of sugar. Practice: first soak the silver fungus to remove the root, clean, torn into small pieces; snow pear skin to remove the seeds; then the silver fungus pieces, snow pear block mother of pearl, sugar together in a stew dish on the cage steam 30-40 minutes to eat. Effect: Snow pear taste sweet and cold, has the effect of nourishing Yin and clearing the lungs, eliminating phlegm and lowering fire, in addition, snow pear also contains malic acid, citric acid, vitamin B1, B2, C, carotene, etc., helps to enhance the baby’s immunity. 3, honeysuckle tea Ingredients: 10 grams of honeysuckle, 10 grams of raw licorice. Directions: Make a tea of honeysuckle and drink it. Effect: Honeysuckle is cold, sweet and calm, with the effect of heat detoxification. Summer baby drinking honeysuckle tea, to prevent summer heat, detoxify, remove fire, nourish the lungs and other effects. 4, mung bean and lily drink Ingredients: 1 handful of mung beans, appropriate amount of lily, 5-6 icing sugar. Practice: directly wash the mung beans and lilies into the pressure cooker, add the right amount of water, first with high heat for 5 minutes, screw to the minimum fire, so boil 30 minutes, natural decompression into the sugar, and then open the lid to cook for 5 minutes. Efficacy: mung beans are cool in nature and have the effect of clearing heat and detoxifying, quenching thirst and eliminating summer heat, diuretic and emollient, which is the preferred food for babies to reduce fire in summer. Mung beans are rich in inorganic salts, vitamins, in a high-temperature environment to mung bean soup as a beverage, can timely replenish the lost nutrients, in order to achieve the therapeutic effect of clearing heat and relieving summer heat. Baby’s sleeping posture reveals the health status 1. dry mouth, hands and feet: Yin deficiency and lung heat; 2. face down, mouth and tongue ulcers: residual heat is not clean; 3. tossing and turning, bad breath, abdominal distension: persistent food; 4. crying, shaking head and scratching ears, with fever: otitis externa, eczema or otitis media; 5. shaking limbs: fatigue or shock; 6. scratching buttocks, small worms in the anus: pinworm disease; 7. snoring, mouth breathing: tonsillar hypertrophy. Look at the baby’s tongue to know the health Less tongue coating, red tongue: heavy internal heat, often fever. Drink more boiled water. Yellow-white tongue moss, sticky and thick: probably overeating, eating a lot of greasy food, poor digestion of the spleen and stomach. Eat lightly. Pale white tongue, map tongue: digestive disorder, baby has been sick for a long time. Avoid spicy food and eat more fruits. Smooth tongue, mirror red tongue: often symptoms of loss of appetite and abdominal distension like a drum. Drink more soy milk and eat more vegetables. Massage your child often, grow up without getting sick The sides of the ten fingers, the palms of the hands and the feet: rub them often to get rid of fire. Both sides of the knee joint: promote blood circulation, supply of nutrients to joint cartilage, and strengthen the spleen. From the middle of the top of the head to the end of the tailbone: this is where the bladder meridian travels and promotes intellectual development. Whenever your child is sleeping, put your hand on the back of the child’s head and feel down from the large vertebrae. If you find that the temperature is higher than elsewhere, for example, if the Lung Yu is high and corresponds to the lungs, then the child has heat in the lungs, so you should find a way to get rid of the lung fire; if the temperature of the Bladder Yu is high, you should drink more water and boil some fishy grass or dandelion to get rid of the damp heat through urine. 1, chiropractic specific practice is: put your hand on the child’s spine above, feel which place has heat, this place should be more from the bottom to rub, can remove the fire. Whether you love sick children or not, chiropractic twice a day, can increase immunity. 2, massage Tianzhu point Some children are weak, parents how to make the weak children strong and healthy? There is a particularly good acupuncture point, is the Tianzhu point. There are two tendons at the back of the neck, and the Tianzhu point is at the back of the bulge. Press it often and rub it to give this area some stimulation. Do it often, the child’s fire will go down. The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who are not able to get a lot of money from the internet. You can take a gua sha board and scrape near the large vertebrae point, this place will appear red gua sha. 4.Massage Tiantu point Some children are particularly prone to bronchitis and coughing, you can massage two points. One is the place where the second clavicle and shoulder joint of the child meet, you can often press it, which is particularly good for preventing cough. The other is the Tiantu point, in the middle of the clavicle. 5, rub sandalwood point children’s immunity is poor, every night before going to bed, take a soft dry towel, give him a rub sandalwood point. 14 years old before the child’s thymus gland is still functioning, often massage, can make the thymus cells more active, so that the immune system is stronger. 6, rubbing the side of the fingers, corresponding to the child’s digestive tract, for the fire, eliminate food accumulation, and increase immunity are very good. Ten fingers connected to the heart, the mother and child communication can also be transmitted through the hands. 7, rub the heart of the foot at night can give children rub the heart of the foot. In the palm of the foot there are two pieces of meat, there is a pit in the middle, this place is the Yongquan point, is the reflex area of the kidneys, the body’s energy is gushing out from this place. Regularly rub a child Chung Quan point, the body’s fire, poison will be drained out, the body will be healthier. The actual fact is that you will be able to get a lot more than just a couple of hours of work. The actual fact is that you will be able to get a lot more than just a few of the most popular and popular items. The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who are not able to get a good deal on a lot of things. Nine tips to stop cough ① cough from wind: red pond and ginger jujube soup; ② cough from wind chill: radish and scallion, white radish and honey; ③ cough with canker sores: fresh pear and shellfish; ④ lung deficiency and prolonged cough: ice sugar and bird’s nest porridge; ⑤ prolonged cough and dry throat: steamed white pear and honey; ⑥ cough and expectoration: radish and pepper; ⑦ cough and phlegm calming: bean curd sugar; ⑧ tonic deficiency cough: sugar water with eggs; ⑨ night cough: sesame ice sugar water. The little remedy to eliminate baby’s red buttocks 1. tea oil: tea oil is a natural senior woody plant oil, coated on the baby’s little buttocks with fast absorption, non-greasy, odorless and other characteristics. The baby’s “red butt” has obvious curative effect. 2. Aromatic oil: use cotton dipped in aromatic oil to rub on the bad buttocks, and if possible, leave the cotton there as well. After two or three days of conditioning the baby’s little bottom will be as white as ever. How to choose the right toys for your baby Different ages have toys suitable for their age characteristics, some parents buy toys for their children based on their own preferences, often leading to the toys bought ahead of time, so that the toys do not achieve the proper function. As children grow older, the choice of toys should vary from period to period, the following is a brief example of suitable toys for each age group and their functions. How to choose the right shoes for your baby Before the toddler period, wear shoes to keep warm, taking into account the comfort and aesthetics. For children who are starting to toddle, there is a lot to be said for shoe selection. First of all, consider wearing comfortable. According to the child’s foot shape, the actual size of the foot, the shoe should have space for the foot to grow, and not make the gap too large so as not to fit the foot, inconvenience walking. The sole is slightly soft and not slippery, and it is advisable to choose rubber soles or cloth soles as the best. The upper is made of cloth or soft leather is good. Secondly, the texture of the shoes should be light, soft, both warm and breathable; the sole should be flexible, to enhance the role of the arch elasticity; the waist of the shoes should be strong and should not be deformed, to avoid children wearing easy to slip out of the foot; the heel of the shoes should be flat heel, which is conducive to maintaining the normal arch of the child, not to cause muscle and ligament damage; the upper and vamp should have a certain elasticity, easy to wrinkle, so that when the child walks, the foot can naturally bend The upper and upper should be flexible and easy to wrinkle so that the child’s feet can bend naturally when walking. Third, to buy shoes for toddlers, the soles and tops should be of a certain thickness to protect the baby’s feet from potential hazards such as rough ground or other sharp objects. Finally, to buy shoes for your child, it is best to take your child with you to try them on, so that you can really have a good idea. In addition, every once in a while, you should check the suitability of your baby’s feet and shoes to see if it’s time to change shoes again. Generally speaking, babies and toddlers should change to a larger pair of shoes every 2-3 months on average. How do I wean my baby? Babies who are exclusively breastfed can generally be considered for weaning when they reach about 10 months of age. This can be done gradually during the season when the climate is pleasant and your baby is in good health. Remember that weaning your baby is not an easy task that can be done in one day, it requires a period of transition and should never be done in a simple and rough way. First, gradually reduce the number of breastfeeding sessions, such as from 4 times a day to 3 times, 2 times, 1 time, until you do not breastfeed at all. At the same time, try to feed soft rice, steamed buns, noodles and other staple foods plus various dishes to replace the number of breastfeeding. Secondly, while reducing breast milk, you should increase the amount of milk powder or cow’s milk, knowing that weaning refers to weaning from breast milk, not so much from dairy products. While weaning breast milk at the same time train your child to get used to drinking milk, make sure there are at least 2~3 cups a day with a total milk intake of about 500ml. This gradually replaces breast milk with rice, noodles and cow’s milk, and is feeding breast milk less and less until it is naturally weaned off completely. How to remove stains on baby clothes 1, egg yolk: If the baby is eating eggs, accidentally get the yolk on the clothes, then the washing can be soaked in cold water, do not stir, after 1 hour, you can follow the normal method of washing. 2, juice or chocolate, soy sauce: If the baby is eating watermelon juice, tomatoes or strawberries and other fruits, juice dripping down onto the clothes, or clothes with chocolate stains, you can use soda water to dip for a period of time, then rub by hand until the stains are eliminated, and then wash according to the normal method. 3, milk stains: clothes stained with milk stains, you can first wash with cold water, and then wash with enzyme laundry detergent can be removed. 4, vomit: sometimes when babies eat, it is possible that because it is not good or breathing and vomit food to dirty clothes, encounter this situation, you can first wipe away the vomit, and then rinse with enzyme laundry detergent can be washed. 5, grass stains ballpoint pen mark: use gauze with more than 75% alcohol scrubbing and then soap rub. Finally, the first year of the coke head to pay special attention, do not ignore the emotions of couples. How long after childbirth can have intercourse? Some people believe that women can have intercourse after childbirth as long as the dew is clean, couples can have intercourse. In fact, this view is wrong, the duration of postpartum dew generally 2 weeks to 4 weeks, after the dew has been clean, but the trauma in the uterus has not been completely healed, the physical exertion of childbirth has not recovered, poor resistance to disease. If you have intercourse too early, it will easily lead to infection and vaginitis. Endometritis, tubitis or menstrual disorders. Suggestion: It is normal for women to have a low sex drive within two months after giving birth. If intercourse, often fail to achieve a harmonious sexual life, may also cause women sexual apathy, affecting the future feelings between the couple. Generally speaking, it takes 6 weeks to 8 weeks for the reproductive organs and other systems to recover after childbirth, and women’s interest in sex after childbirth will not increase significantly until the third month. Therefore, even if a woman’s body recovers well after childbirth, she should have intercourse two months later.