Whether total cholesterol 5.9mmol/L needs to take medication needs to be judged according to the patient’s condition, and most of them do not need to be treated with medication. Usually, the normal value of total cholesterol in adults is 2.83~5.20mmol/L, and the critical value is 5.17~6.45mmol/L. Total cholesterol of 5.9mmol/L belongs to the range of critical value. In this case, patients usually do not need medication, and it is mostly considered to be caused by eating foods with high cholesterol such as pig liver and pig heart. Most of the patients can recover gradually if they actively regulate their diet and develop good living habits. If the patient has complications such as coronary heart disease, he/she needs to take medication in time. The patient’s total cholesterol value is higher than 6.45mmol/L, which is considered to be pathologically elevated and may be related to hyperlipoproteinemia, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, obstructive jaundice, nephrotic syndrome, hypothyroidism, etc. The patient needs to have a doctor’s guidance to clarify the total cholesterol value. The patient should clarify the cause of the disease under the guidance of the doctor in a timely manner, and carry out targeted treatment reasonably. It is recommended that patients with total cholesterol of 5.9mmol/L should actively regulate their diet and develop good eating habits.