Swallowing disorders are a common complication in patients after brain injury, and at the same time, swallowing disorders can lead to a series of complications, such as aspiration and aspiration pneumonia, dehydration, and malnutrition. The treatment modalities for swallowing disorders are roughly summarized as follows: 1. Basic training Swallowing-related muscle group exercises include buccal muscle training, laryngeal lift training, tongue exercises, articulatory motor training, respiratory training, and special swallowing techniques. Sensory facilitation training can be done by alternate stimulation of the patient’s pharynx with ice cubes and lemon juice at a temperature of 8°C. 2.Direct feeding training The eating environment chosen should be quiet, the eating position can be semi-recumbent, the nature of the food is paste and eating bite size, and the mouth should be kept clean before and after eating to minimize the occurrence of aspiration. 3.Acupuncture treatment Acupuncture is based on the principle of “where the meridians pass, where the main treatment is” and the acupuncture point “where the main modern medical theory is that acupuncture can regulate the autonomic function and stimulate the re-establishment of reflexes related to swallowing. By stimulating pharyngeal receptors, it causes excitation of the muscles associated with swallowing, and also causes inhibition of the spasm of the cricopharyngeal muscle. In addition, acupuncture can also improve the blood supply to the carotid artery and vertebral artery system, promote the early establishment of collateral circulation in the brain lesion, and promote the recovery of the damaged nerve function, thus improving the symptoms of swallowing disorder. 4.Electrical stimulation At present, VitalStim series swallowing therapy instruments are used more often to treat patients with electrical stimulation. Repeated electrical stimulation of swallowing-related muscles produces sensory and motor effects, which can prevent disuse swallowing muscle atrophy and increase the motor ability of pharyngeal muscles and swallowing coordination. 5.Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) Transcranial magnetic stimulation regulates the excitability of motor cortex through motor evoked potentials, and different frequencies of stimulation produce different excitatory or inhibitory effects on the cortex. 6.Balloon dilation For swallowing disorders that are caused by the inability to coordinate the movement of the pharynx and upper esophageal sphincter (UES), balloon dilation is mostly used. 7.Other The efficacy of motor imagery therapy combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation in the treatment of post-stroke dysphagia, which induces patients to imagine that they are slowly chewing their most desired delicacies, and the conditioned reflex causes an increase in saliva secretion. Psychological treatment of patients with swallowing disorders should also be taken seriously, and psychological intervention and health education should be taken as early as possible to encourage patients to build up confidence in overcoming the disease. In addition, botulinum toxin injection for cricopharyngeal muscle spasm has also achieved remarkable efficacy. For patients with swallowing disorders after brain injury, early assessment, early rehabilitation intervention, early implementation of personalized rehabilitation treatment plan and comprehensive treatment should be carried out to minimize complications and enable patients’ quality of life to be improved.