Primary lateral sclerosis is a type of motor neuron disease. The so-called motor neuron disease is known as acromegaly. Once this disease has progressed, there is currently no specific effective treatment that can reverse it. The main treatments are: first, cause-specific treatment; second, symptomatic treatment; and third, rehabilitation. For the treatment of the cause of the disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, including primary lateral sclerosis, may be related to the toxic effects of excitatory amino acids or free radical oxidation, so anti-excitatory amino acid toxicity can be taken as a treatment, neurotrophic factor treatment, anti-apoptosis treatment and antioxidant free radical scavengers. In terms of symptomatic treatment, patients with primary lateral sclerosis may have difficulty in swallowing, and a semi-fluid diet can be adopted; in severe cases, nasal fluid feeding or gastrostomy can be adopted; when respiratory difficulty occurs, assisted respiration should be adopted; and when unsteady walking occurs, gait training should be carried out. For rehabilitation, a series of acupuncture, gait training, swallowing function training can be carried out.