Lumbar disc herniation is one of the more common disorders, mainly because the lumbar intervertebral disc parts (nucleus pulposus, fibrous ring and cartilage plate), especially the nucleus pulposus, have different degrees of degenerative changes, under the action of external factors, the intervertebral disc fibrous ring rupture, the nucleus pulposus tissue from the place of rupture protrusion (or prolapse) in the posterior or spinal canal, resulting in the adjacent spinal nerve roots suffer irritation or compression, resulting in lumbar pain So, what are the causes of lumbar disc herniation? 1, the degenerative changes of the lumbar intervertebral disc is the basic factor The degeneration of the nucleus pulposus is mainly manifested by the reduction of water content, and can cause small-scale pathological changes such as vertebral joint instability and loosening due to water loss; the degeneration of the fibrous ring is mainly manifested by the reduction of the degree of toughness. 2, injury Long-term repeated external forces cause minor damage, which aggravates the degree of degeneration. 3, weakness of the disc’s own anatomical factors The intervertebral disc gradually lacks blood circulation and poor repair ability after adulthood. On the basis of the action of the above factors, some kind of triggering factor that can lead to a sudden increase in the pressure on the intervertebral disc, i.e., may cause the less elastic nucleus pulposus to pass through the fibrous ring that has become less tough, causing the nucleus pulposus to protrude. 4, genetic factors lumbar disc herniation has been reported to have familial onset, the incidence of this disease in people of color is low. 5, lumbosacral congenital anomalies, including lumbar sacralization, sacral lumbarization, hemivertebral deformity, small joint deformity and asymmetry of joint protrusion. The above-mentioned factors can make the lower lumbar spine undergo stress changes, thus constituting an increase in the internal pressure of the intervertebral disc and prone to degeneration and injury. 6, triggering factors On the basis of degenerative disc degeneration, some factors that can induce a sudden increase in intervertebral space pressure can cause nucleus pulposus protrusion. Common predisposing factors include increased abdominal pressure, improper lumbar posture, sudden weight bearing, pregnancy, cold and moisture, etc. How to effectively prevent lumbar disc herniation Lumbar disc herniation is caused by accumulation of injuries on the basis of degenerative changes, and accumulation of injuries will aggravate the degeneration of the intervertebral disc, so the focus of prevention is to reduce accumulation of injuries. The bed should not be too soft when you sleep. Long-term ambulatory workers need to pay attention to the height of the table, chair, and regularly change the posture. Occupational work requires frequent bending movements, should regularly stretch, chest activities, and use a wide belt. Should strengthen the lumbar back muscle training to increase the intrinsic stability of the spine, long-term use of waist circumference, especially need to pay attention to lumbar back muscle exercise to prevent the adverse consequences of disuse muscle atrophy. If you need to bend over to get something, it is best to use hip flexion, knee flexion squatting way to reduce the pressure on the back of the lumbar intervertebral disc.