Post-anorectal incision infection is a complication in the treatment of anorectal disease, mainly because the human anus is rich in sweat glands and skin fat, and is a place to hide dirt, which is conducive to the breeding of bacteria, and it just so happens that our surgical area is in these places. Many patients often ask why the wound grows so slowly in this area, why not sew it up, why not use absorbable thread? Today I reveal the answer. 1, the incision infection occurs because of the environment rectum is the end of the digestive tract, is the last exit, the body’s waste, need to be discharged from here, feces with a lot of bacteria; in addition, the intestine itself lives in a variety of flora, under normal circumstances is to protect the intestinal mucosa , but this surgery stimulates the intestinal local, it stimulates the intestinal flora, the general body has the ability to self-regulation, but once the regulation fails, there is There is a risk of infection. The lower part of the rectum is rich in blood supply, so when dealing with the hemorrhoids, there will be some damage to the anal sinus and anal glands, and once bacteria enter the anal sinus, it may cause infection; when there are large blood vessels at the bottom of the hemorrhoids when ligating the hemorrhoids, it will affect the local blood supply and slow local growth will also cause infection. Poor drainage of the trauma Generally speaking, the intestinal cavity will be more open than before surgery, but at the same time, because there is an anastomosis and a ligated hemorrhoid nucleus in the intestinal cavity, it may cause intestinal fluid and a small amount of fecal residue, which may induce infection. Postoperative constipation, diarrhea, or excessive stools (>5 times/day) can have an effect on the wound. Good bowel movements help the wound to recover. Self-inflicted causes People who are old and frail and have more underlying diseases are prone to postoperative infections, and their chances of infection are significantly higher than those without underlying diseases. Especially, people with diabetes, lung diseases, urinary tract diseases, and chronic gynecological diseases should pay attention. 2, prevention and treatment The formation of incisional infection is a process from quantitative to qualitative change. The development trend is generally a process of light contamination → contamination → infection. And prevention and treatment between the two, prevention is more important than treatment, prevention and treatment combined. Preoperatively, the operating area should be prepared with skin and clean enema. In some patients, the enema fluid is discharged immediately after the enema, which is not conducive to clean intestine and may affect the exposure and cleanliness of the surgical field during the operation. The correct method should be to keep the enema for 5 minutes after the enema, and then to dissolve it 2-3 times continuously until the discharge is clear water-like. Intraoperative The surgeon should follow aseptic operation. Of course, anorectal surgery itself is a sterile operation, but the surgeon is required to operate as much as possible like a sterile operation and thoroughly disinfect the operating area and surrounding skin. The surgery is meticulous and the incision is reasonably arranged to reduce tissue loss to the patient. The flap should be neatly aligned and the suture should leave no dead space. Postoperative treatment should be carried out to prevent infection, rehydration and other treatments, static antibiotics for 5-7 days, if necessary, infection prevention treatment should be carried out one day before surgery, rehydration to accelerate the body’s blood circulation, metabolic waste. After surgery, eat, move and take oral laxative drugs as prescribed by the doctor to adjust the stool. Try to avoid diarrhea and excessively dry stools. Apply medication to fumigate the anal area after the stool, clean the area and change the medication in parallel with the treatment. Here, I would like to interject a few words, often in the ward patients ask, is it necessary to perform a rectal drug change every time a stool is relieved? In fact, it is not necessary. The number of medication changes is more than two, one is the drug rectum can not be absorbed, the effect is not great; the second is to increase the intestinal stimulation, in turn, is not conducive to recovery. After the operation, oral herbal medicine is identified to regulate the disorder of the body’s internal environment caused by the surgical trauma and prevent infection, such as oral Liangblood Dihuang Tang, Sijunzi Tang and Tonic Zhong Yiqi Tang. Infection has already occurred For infection has already occurred, the patient and the physician should understand each other, do not blame each other, and actively look for the ideal solution to solve the problem is the right approach. It is especially important to cooperate with each other when the hemorrhoid nucleus is bleeding profusely due to the infection. For local signs of infection such as redness, swelling, heat, pain, etc., you can apply topical Jinhuang San or Huanglian ointment, or anti-infection antibiotics. When pus has formed, pus should be excised in time. 3.Recommendation Whether it is traditional external peeling and internal ligation or minimally invasive surgery, there are few cases of incisional infection, however, this does not mean that the patient does not have infection, it may be that the infection is light, well controlled by drugs and well regulated by the body itself. Therefore, patients are invited to pay attention to the importance of postoperative infection prevention. In the ward, most of the patients who have been treated by the medical team consisting of Dr. Li Dongping, the deputy chief physician, and myself have probably heard me say something like, “The pre-infection treatment is actually preparing you for the hemorrhoid nucleus to fall off in the second week after surgery, and the better the pre-infection is done, the much less likely it is that major bleeding will occur after surgery”. Of course, the anti-infection here is not just medication, but also many of the previously mentioned elements.