How often is blood transfused for spine surgery due to heavy bleeding or preoperative conversations that require family members to choose in advance whether to transfuse allogeneic or autologous blood back into the patient? Intraoperative blood recovery in spine surgery is the use of a blood recovery device to recover, anticoagulate, wash and filter blood from the patient’s body cavity, surgical blood loss and postoperative drainage, and then transfuse it back to the patient. So, is there any difference between the two? Or are there any advantages of autologous blood transfusion? I. Why choose autologous blood transfusion? 1.Safety: Autologous blood transfusion can avoid transfusion reaction, blood-borne diseases (such as AIDS, syphilis, etc.) and immunosuppression of transfusion of allogeneic blood. 2.Economy: The cost of autologous blood transfusion is mainly the transfusion machine and disposable consumables, which are not yet covered by Shanghai’s medical insurance. The cost to be paid by the patient is about 3000 RMB, which is similar to the price of 200ml of allogeneic blood transfusion. Therefore, the larger the amount of blood to be transfused, the more cost-effective it is. 3. Quick: Autologous blood is directly transfused immediately during the procedure, so there is no need to prepare blood in advance and make an appointment to collect it. Usually, transfusion of allogeneic blood requires an appointment from the blood bank one day in advance, and it takes about one hour from the time the blood bank is notified of the appointment to start the transfusion. 4.Unique: For patients with rare blood types that are difficult to match (such as HR-, i.e. “panda blood”), autologous blood transfusion is the only blood source when the same type of blood is not available for a while. Also, for surgical patients who have developed immune antibodies to allogeneic blood transfusion, autologous blood transfusion is the only method. In addition, for the current blood shortage that often occurs, autologous blood transfusion is a great tool to save blood. II. What are the conditions under which autologous blood transfusion is not an option? 1.Patients with hemoglobin <100g/L; 2.Patients with bacterial infection; 3.Patients with tumor metastasis tendency; 4.Patients with abnormal coagulation function and abnormal hematopoietic function; 5.Patients with low possibility of blood transfusion; 6.Caution for patients with coronary heart disease, severe aortic stenosis and other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and severe diseases. 3.What are the risks of autologous blood transfusion? 1.Contamination: Whether the disposable supplies are sterilized or not, or if the blood is contaminated by bacteria, cancer cells, feces or amniotic fluid during the operation, it should be discarded once suspected; 2.Low proteinemia: Since only concentrated red blood cells are transfused back, the albumin lost in bleeding continues to decrease, therefore, albumin should be replenished in time during and after the operation; 3.Coagulation dysfunction: The coagulation factors lost in blood cannot be Therefore, coagulation factors or cold precipitation should be supplemented in time when there is massive bleeding; 4. Insufficient blood volume: when there is massive bleeding, the returned red blood cells are also insufficient to supplement blood volume, at this time, allogeneic blood should be transfused to supplement blood volume and correct anemia; 5. Too long: blood flowing out of the blood vessels for more than 6 hours should be discarded; 6. Hemolysis: transfused blood should also be discarded when hemolysis or more impurities are suspected to occur.