Strict control of diet is a prerequisite and the most important part of the treatment of diabetes. In clinical practice, it is found that patients often do not have good dietary control, so that the drugs do not play a proper curative effect. In fact, there are many sweet substances in nature, such as saccharin, which is a kind of sweet substance that is not absorbed. In addition, such as stevia, arabinose, xylitol, fructose and abasic sugar can be used as sweeteners for diabetes. Sugar-free mooncakes and sugar-free yogurt sold in the market mostly use xylitol as an additive. These sweeteners increase the sweetness of the food, but do not increase the calorie content of the food. However, the flour, fat and other ingredients in such foods can still be converted into glucose, should be noted when eating this, not to be confused by the “sugar-free” logo. 2, misconception two: “eat more glucose-lowering drugs can eat more” Diet therapy is the basis of diabetes treatment, the purpose is to reduce the burden on the pancreatic beta cells to help restore their function. It is wrong and dangerous to take more glucose-lowering drugs to counteract this practice without controlling the diet, which is like “whipping a sick horse”. More food will increase the burden of pancreatic β-cells, accelerate the failure of pancreatic islet function, make the efficacy of oral hypoglycemic drugs gradually decline or even completely fail, and eventually, even if insulin is used, blood sugar is still poorly controlled, leading to various acute and chronic complications one after another. In addition, drug overdose will increase its toxic side effects on the liver and kidneys, and can even be life-threatening in serious cases. Therefore, the idea that more drugs can eat more is not desirable. Myth 3: “I only eat diabetic food” Patients who have some knowledge of diabetic diet treatment should know that the purpose of diet treatment is to control the total calories and a balanced diet, not to eat the so-called “diabetic food”. In fact, the nutritional composition of diabetic foods is no different from that of ordinary foods. “Diabetic foods” are made from grains high in dietary fiber, such as buckwheat and oats. Although these foods take longer to digest and absorb, they will eventually turn into glucose. “Patients who do not pay attention to the principles of diabetic diet and think that if they eat “diabetic food” blood sugar will be fine, this is very dangerous. You can often see sugar-free lotus root powder, sugar-free dumplings and other foods sold in the market are often given as gifts to diabetic patients, and if consumed without reducing the intake of staple foods, it will inevitably cause the patient’s blood sugar to rise. 4, misconception four: “as long as the sparse vegetables can be eaten in large quantities” to starch as the main component of the vegetables should be counted in the amount of staple foods. These vegetables are mainly potatoes, white potatoes, roots, yams, rhizome, taro, lilies, water chestnuts, etc. 5, misconception five: ” eat more soy products is okay” moderate consumption of soy products soy juice, tofu is indeed a great health benefit. Although soy products are low in sugar, but such as red beans, green beans, fava beans, kidney beans, peas, the main component is also starch, will eventually be converted into glucose, resulting in increased blood sugar, but the conversion rate is slow about 3 hours. Especially for the elderly and people with long duration of diabetes, if you don’t pay attention and consume a lot of vegetable protein, it will cause too much nitrogenous waste in the body, which will increase the burden on the kidneys and further reduce the kidney function. Diabetes combined with proteinuria, soy products should be prohibited, protein intake as much as possible to fish, poultry and other animal protein. In addition to soy beans, their main component is also starch, so they should also be counted as the amount of staple foods. 6, misconception six: “food containing dietary fiber is better, you can eat unlimited” as the four staples of flour, rice, millet and corn, its sugar content is very close, between 74% to 76%. Because millet and corn are rich in dietary fiber, thus slowing down the absorption of glucose by the muscle, therefore, the intake of the same amount of coarse grains and fine grains, there are differences in the degree of conversion into blood sugar after meals, such as eating 100 grams of corn, 80% of its carbohydrates into blood sugar. While consuming the same amount of flour, 90% becomes blood sugar, which is called the difference in glycemic index. In addition, the sugar content of roughly processed flour is about 60% lower, and its glycemic index is also lower. Currently, many of the diabetic foods on the market are made from such flours. For these reasons, people with high blood sugar may wish to use coarse grains instead of fine grains, and usually, choose coarse and fine grains are available. But regardless of coarse grains and fine grains, should be based on the diabetic diet prescription. 7, misconception seven: “fruit too sweet can not eat” Many patients mention fruit such as talking about the tiger, since the disease dare not ask for. In fact, some fruits contain relatively low sugar, such as apples, pears containing 10% to 14% sugar, bananas containing 20% sugar, in addition to grapefruit, dragon fruit, lemon, etc. sugar content is also low. And fruits are rich in many trace elements, fiber and minerals, which are beneficial to diabetics. Fruits contain sugars such as glucose, fructose and sucrose, of which fructose does not need insulin to participate in metabolism, so diabetics do not reject fruits after their blood sugar has been controlled. However, special attention should be paid to the way of eating fruits, not immediately after meals, but between meals to avoid high blood sugar after meals. For patients whose postprandial blood sugar is lower than 10 mmol/L, they can eat 1 apple or pear per day, but they should eat it in parts between meals when their blood sugar is low, and count the calories of fruits within the total calories. If a larger amount of fruit is consumed, this number of calories should be deducted from the total diet. In other words, it is to reduce the main food. 8, misconception eight: “because I have diabetes, so I have to control drinking water” diabetes often have thirst, drinking a lot of water performance, patients often have a wrong view that after suffering from diabetes should control drinking water, which is very wrong. Drinking too much water is a manifestation of water shortage in the body, which is a protective reaction of the human body. Controlling drinking water after diabetes not only cannot cure diabetes, but also makes it more serious and can cause ketoacidosis or hypertonic coma, which is very dangerous. Drinking water is conducive to the excretion of metabolic toxins in the body; drinking water has the effect of preventing diabetic ketoacidosis; when ketoacidosis should drink a lot of water; drinking water can improve blood circulation and prevent the occurrence of cerebral thrombosis in elderly patients; but in severe renal failure, low urine and edema, water should be properly controlled. Therefore, as long as diabetic patients do not have heart and kidney diseases, they should not blindly restrict water intake, which should be at least 1500-2000ml per day. The more urine, the more water is needed, blind water restriction will lead to dehydration, electrolyte disorders, blood viscosity and increased blood sugar. 9. Myth 9: “I always feel hungry, my blood sugar must be low” Some patients always feel hungry and think that their blood sugar must be low, but after examination, they find that their blood sugar is high. Generally speaking, hunger is obviously one of the main symptoms of diabetes. The more unstable the blood sugar control is, the more obvious the symptoms of diabetes are. Therefore, feeling hungry all the time is not a sign of good blood sugar control, rather it may be a sign of high and low blood sugar. 10. Myth 10: “I have diabetes, so I need to control my diet” Reasonable diet therapy can reduce the burden of pancreatic B cells, so that their function can be restored, which is conducive to blood sugar control. Patients with mild disease can often control blood sugar with diet therapy alone. Diet therapy is to control the amount of diet according to the individual and maintain a reasonable diet structure for a long time, but never mandatory measures such as starvation or forbidden eating. Otherwise, the quality of life of patients will be reduced and they will lose confidence in life, which is not conducive to blood sugar control. Therefore, the term “diet control” should be avoided, because it is easy to make patients misunderstand that diet therapy means strictly restricting food intake, or even mistakenly believe that diabetic diet control means eating less and more. At the beginning of the diet therapy, the calorie intake is reduced, resulting in a temporary decrease in blood sugar and urine sugar, but then, due to insufficient nutrient intake, the energy for human activities can only be supplied by the body’s fat decomposition, the product of which is ketone bodies, thus causing ketoacidosis, which can be life-threatening in serious cases. And insufficient staple food, prone to hypoglycemia, this method is not desirable. 11.Myth 11: “I have diabetes, so I have to eat more side dishes containing less sugar” Although meat, eggs and fish do not have high sugar content, they are rich in protein and fat, which can be converted into glucose in the body, and this process is especially active in the body of diabetic patients. The process of raising blood sugar is much slower than that of main food. In addition, excessive protein intake will increase the burden on the kidneys and can cause hyperuricemia. In view of these characteristics, it is recommended that diabetic patients eat one egg for breakfast and drink one bag of milk before bedtime, which is beneficial for balancing blood sugar between day and night. Nut foods such as peanuts, melon seeds, walnuts, almonds, etc. do not contain sugar, so it has become a pastime food for many patients, anytime and anywhere to bring a taste. These nut foods are rich in protein, but also contains fat, 30 peanuts equal to 1 spoon of oil, a person 1 day to eat 3 spoons of oil, its fat intake is about the same. And 1 gram of fat calorie production 9 kcal, much higher than the starch and protein 1 gram of calories produced 4 kcal. A large number of peanuts, melon seeds, almonds eaten, not only make a large increase in calories, but also make the blood lipids rise. A part of the blood lipids can also be converted into glucose, which is not conducive to disease control. Therefore, eat peanuts, melon seeds to calculate the amount, to reduce the intake of oil. Can not be filled with peanuts, melon seeds, walnuts, almonds, pine nuts and other nutty foods. 12, misconception twelve “bitter melon, pumpkin can lower sugar, you should eat more” is now “hot” can lower sugar plants are mainly bitter melon, guava, pumpkin, etc.. Can these things really lower sugar? The extract of bitter melon does have a certain sugar-lowering effect. However, having a sugar-lowering effect does not mean that it can be used as a sugar-lowering medicine. In fact, all these so-called natural plant extracts are far from the requirements of a drug. So, if the price is reasonable, bitter melon and other as an adjunct therapy is possible, but trying to rely on them alone to lower sugar is not advisable. As for pumpkin, because it is rich in fiber, compared with other grains, blood sugar does not rise quickly after being absorbed by the body. When eating, diabetic patients can use pumpkin to replace some of the rice and noodles and other staple foods, so that blood sugar does not rise too fast after meals. But pumpkin itself is also a high glycemic index of food, does not have the function of lowering sugar, do not think it can lower sugar and eat a lot.