Diabetes mellitus is a systemic disease caused by absolute or relative insufficiency of insulin secretion in the body, which is mainly a disorder of glucose metabolism and belongs to the category of thirst in Chinese medicine. Chinese medicine has a long history and rich clinical experience in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its complications, and has developed the advantages of understanding the disease as a whole, comprehensive prevention and treatment, and individualized treatment. Through the rational use of proprietary Chinese medicine and Chinese herbal tablets, together with Chinese medicine diet, exercise therapy, and non-pharmaceutical prevention and treatment techniques, clinical symptoms can be improved, side effects of western medicine can be reduced, quality of life can be improved, and complications can be effectively prevented and treated. Physique, i.e. body quality, refers to the inherent characteristics of the human body that are relatively stable in function and form, which are adapted to the natural and social environment by the inheritance of the parents and the influence of various factors. As early as in Suwen – Different Method and Fang Yi Theory, it was pointed out that the five regions in the southeast, northwest and central regions have different physical constitutions and are susceptible to different diseases due to their different geographical environments and climates and different living habits. Diabetic patients’ physique has the difference between hot and cold, deficiency and reality, so they should choose the health care method with different suitable for themselves according to the difference of physique in Chinese medicine and with the change of season, which is the way of health care. The physical health care method is especially important for the prevention and treatment of diabetes. The occurrence of diabetes is related to diet, exercise, and emotional well-being, which directly affects the effectiveness of treatment. In China, we are the first to introduce physical health care into the field of diabetes prevention and health care. In our long-term medical practice, we have summarized a set of effective preventive health care system of Chinese medicine for diabetes, which includes diet, exercise, meridian points, massage, footbath, emotional and spiritual life, seasonal health care and other preventive health care methods, based on the identification of physical constitution, disease, and evidence, which are reasonably used.