The cause of infantile dilated cardiomyopathy remains unclear in most cases and may be related to genetic, toxic, metabolic and nutritional disorders. The 5-year survival rate after diagnosis is about 50%, and the 10-year survival rate is about 25%. The incidence of infantile dilated cardiomyopathy is not high, but the prognosis is poor and there is no cure, with heart transplantation being the only means of prolonging life. Most pharmacologic treatments are aimed at delaying heart failure and improving heart failure as the main therapeutic goal. Early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment; prevention and control of upper respiratory tract infections; ensuring rest and intermittent oxygen intake as the main treatment; and actively cooperating with the doctor’s treatment to prevent deterioration of the condition can significantly improve the prognosis. It is recommended that patients with infantile dilated cardiomyopathy go to the cardiology department of the hospital in time for examination and standardized treatment under the guidance of doctors.