Anal pain two years after rectal cancer surgery may be related to anastomotic fistula, tumor recurrence and other factors. 1. Anastomotic fistula: rectal cancer surgery can easily lead to rectal edema and inflammatory reaction, which can also lead to anastomosis can not be completely healed, and intestinal contents penetrate into peristomal area through anastomosis, which can cause infection and inflammatory reaction, and further can cause anastomotic fistula. Its performance is perianal pain and perianal infection, anastomotic fistula serious cases also need to be treated with surgery. 2. Tumor recurrence: two years after rectal cancer surgery, it is necessary to pay attention to whether it is tumor recurrence or metastasis, if it is tumor recurrence, systemic chemotherapy or combined local treatment is needed. If there is anal pain two years after rectal cancer surgery, one should seek medical treatment in time, and should not take any unauthorized treatment in order to avoid delaying the condition. Pay attention to rest on weekdays, take reasonable diet, maintain perianal hygiene and avoid overwork.