Benign small artery nephrosclerosis is caused by long-term uncontrolled benign hypertension, and the higher the blood pressure and the longer it lasts, the more severe the lesion. The arterial lesions are mainly glassy lesions in the walls of the small arteries entering the bulb, and myoendothelial thickening in the walls of the interlobular and arcuate arteries, which cause ischemic renal parenchymal damage. The following is an overview of how to diagnose vitelliform changes in the small arteries of the bulb. 1.Diagnostic requisites: ① for primary hypertension. (②The presence of proteinuria is usually preceded by persistent hypertension for more than 5 years (the degree is usually >20.0/13.3kPa (150/100mmHg). ③There was persistent proteinuria (generally mild to moderate) with few microscopic fractions. ④There is retinal arteriosclerosis or atherosclerotic retinal changes. ⑤Excluding various primary renal diseases. ⑥Excluding other secondary renal diseases. 2. Auxiliary or referable conditions: ①Age over 60 years old. ②Have hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary artery disease, heart failure. ③History of cerebral arteriosclerosis and/or cerebrovascular accident. ④Elevated blood uric acid. (⑤The damage of renal tubular function precedes the damage of glomerular function. ⑥Slow progression of disease course.