Hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer are two diseases with different treatment and prognosis. Clinically, thyroid cancer belongs to the range of tumors, while hyperthyroidism belongs to the range of functional lesions, which are benign. Hyperthyroidism is an overactive thyroid gland, which can be controlled gradually by taking medication to suppress thyroid function. If the effect of drug treatment is poor, iodine-131 treatment can destroy the thyroid function cells and reduce the secretion of the thyroid gland, so as to achieve the purpose of treating hyperthyroidism. Thyroid cancer is a malignant tumor, patients need to undergo surgery or other treatments, such as iodine-131 treatment, clinically, the prognosis of thyroid cancer patients is relatively good.