There are many causes of elevated cholesterol, such as a long-term high-fat diet, which can cause secondary elevation of cholesterol, in addition to family genetic causes, hypothyroidism, nephrotic syndrome, obesity, and Cushing’s syndrome, which may cause secondary elevation of cholesterol. In terms of treatment, for patients with elevated total cholesterol, the first choice of lipid-lowering drugs is statin lipid-lowering drugs, representative drugs include atorvastatin, resulvastatin, etc. These drugs can not only reduce the patient’s blood lipid level, but also help prevent the progression of atherosclerosis, improve the endothelial function of blood vessels, stabilize plaque, and also have anti-inflammatory effects, which are relatively secondary prevention drugs for patients with coronary heart disease. It is recommended that patients should pay attention to regular review of blood lipids, pay attention to low-salt and low-fat diet, exercise to lose weight, regular work and rest, and quit smoking and drinking, which can also help to further reduce the total cholesterol level.