OVERVIEW
OVERVIEW
Hippocampal sclerosis is a characteristic pathological change in medial temporal lobe epilepsy, with neuronal apoptosis, glial cell proliferation, and mossy fiber sprouting visible microscopically in the atrophied hippocampus. Most patients have unilateral hippocampal involvement.
Whether medical insurance
yes
Department of Medicine
Pediatrics, Neurology.
Synonyms
Medial temporal sclerosis
Clinical symptoms
Specialized sensory aura, transient consciousness disorder, orofacial automatism, transient amnesia, etc.
Harm
Causes damage to the central nervous system, which may affect memory and intelligence.
Complications
Brain atrophy, cognitive dysfunction, affective disorder, etc.
Examination
MRI hippocampal imaging, electroencephalogram, etc.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is based on clinical manifestations such as special sensation, consciousness disorder, oral-handed automatisms, etc., combined with imaging examination.
Treatment principle
Administer antiepileptic drugs or perform resection of epileptic foci.
Curability
70% of patients with hippocampal sclerosis are resistant to antiepileptic drugs. Patients with accurate localization of epileptogenic foci who undergo epilepsy foci resection have a good prognosis.
Dietary recommendations
Alcohol and any food containing alcohol are prohibited.
Questions you may have
What is hippocampal sclerosis repair
Hippocampal sclerosis repair refers to the repair of damaged neuronal cells, or the targeting of damaged neurons to achieve the desired therapeutic effect.
Generally speaking, as long as the damaged neurons are clearly identified for targeted repair, ideal results can be achieved, and ultrasonic nano NGF localization repair therapy can be considered.
This therapy can increase the permeability of the blood-brain barrier, prompt astrocytes to restore the function of the autophagy, and produce neurotrophic factors to maintain the growth, development and survival of newborn neurons, and naturally restore the normal function of neuronal cells in the brain.
Hippocampal sclerosis belongs to delayed-onset encephalopathy, because the hippocampus is very sensitive to ischemia and hypoxia, and is extremely easy to be damaged, especially in infants and young children, pediatric febrile convulsions or due to trauma just infections, resulting in hippocampal glioblasts proliferation, hippocampal atrophy.
Changes in this area can easily lead to epilepsy or tics or tremor seizures due to poor recovery of the involved nerves and prolonged ischemic time pathologic changes.
Hippocampal sclerosis repair to get a good therapeutic result requires a comprehensive evaluation in the hospital and then refinement of the treatment.
Etiology
Etiology
The cause is unknown and may be related to specific viral infections, autoimmune encephalitis, and frequent seizures.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Typical Symptoms
Typical symptoms include aura seizures, such as déjà vu or disorientation, abdominal discomfort or rising stomach gas, panic attacks, transient disorientation, and orofacial automatisms, which may be followed by convulsive symptoms.
Diagnostic basis
Clinical manifestations of medial temporal lobe epilepsy, previous history of febrile convulsions.
2.MRI shows hippocampal volume reduction and T2 and Flare high signal on hippocampal MRI.
Treatment
Treatment guidelines
Control the disease and improve the symptoms by antiepileptic and other medications or surgical treatment.
Medication
Patients with seizures can be given antiepileptic drugs, commonly used drugs include carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, sodium valproate, lamotrigine, kaplan, phenobarbital, clonazepam, topiramate, phenytoin sodium.
Surgery
Surgical treatment is an option when medication is ineffective. Surgical procedures mainly include standard anterior temporal lobectomy and selective hippocampal amygdotomy.
Prognosis
Most patients treated with medications have a poor prognosis.
Questions you may be concerned about
What are the ways to recover from hippocampal sclerosis
Hippocampal sclerosis is an important pathologic change in epileptic pain, especially in temporal lobe epilepsy, and is recovered by medication and surgery.
1. Medication: The main clinical symptom of hippocampal sclerosis is epileptic symptom, taking medication to control epilepsy under doctor’s guidance, such as carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin sodium, etc., which can alleviate epileptic symptom, and help to recover hippocampal sclerosis.
2. Surgical treatment: If drug treatment is ineffective, surgical treatment, anterior temporal lobectomy, selective hippocampal amygdala resection, can effectively restore hippocampal sclerosis.
Hippocampal sclerosis timely to the hospital, under the guidance of a professional doctor for treatment, medication to follow the doctor’s instructions, avoid self-medication.
Nursing care
Daily care
Keep optimistic mood, avoid irritation and emotional stimulation, eliminate fear and inferiority complex.
2. Take medication on time as prescribed by the doctor and undergo regular checkups.
3. Regular work and rest, ensure enough sleep, and avoid overwork.
4. Participate in physical and mental activities appropriately, and strengthen the escort to prevent accidental injury.
5. Give enough attention to infants and young patients, and do a good job of protection to avoid infection.
Dietary management
Infants and young children should be breastfed and supplemental food should be added in time. Other patients should be given a high protein diet rich in many kinds of vitamins and trace elements, which should be light and rich in nutrition. Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, avoid spicy and stimulating food, avoid tobacco, alcohol, strong tea, coffee and carbonated drinks.