Whether hyperthyroidism with thyroid coarsening requires a urinary catheter for surgery cannot be generalized, and needs to be determined based on a combination of factors such as the expected duration of the surgery. Surgeries such as partial thyroidectomy usually do not require a urinary catheter, but do require a urinary catheter if the estimated duration of the surgery is relatively long. For simple diffuse enlargement of the thyroid gland, nodular goiter and other lesions, surgery such as lobectomy, subtotal thyroidectomy, major thyroidectomy, total thyroidectomy and other surgeries usually have a shorter operating time and do not require an indwelling urinary catheter. However, if the preoperative examination reveals that the gland is large, the trachea is severely compressed, the relationship with the superior laryngeal nerve is complicated, or the lesion is a malignant tumor that requires complete resection, etc., and the estimated operation time is long, it is necessary to leave a urinary catheter in the preoperative period, so as to avoid changes in blood pressure and other vital signs caused by urinary retention during the operation. What kind of surgical approach and what kind of preoperative preparation is needed requires comprehensive judgment by the clinician.