Post-operative precautions for hypospadias (please keep it together with the certificate of discharge for a long time) 1. Hypospadias is a common congenital malformation in males, and the surgical treatment is more complicated, and the treatment and post-operative recovery are not the same in different cases. This publicity material only covers the general situation, and if there are any special circumstances, you should consult with the supervising doctors and nurses. 2.Urethral hypospadias usually requires an indwelling urinary catheter after surgery. The role of the urinary catheter includes drainage of urine and serving as a scaffold (support tube) for the newly formed urethra. The urinary catheter should continuously or intermittently drain urine, and the patient’s lower abdomen swells if the urinary bag does not show an increase in urine for a long time, and the patient should seek medical staff to check the urinary catheter. During the indwelling urinary catheter the patient should be bedridden and should not move too much to avoid interfering with the healing of the newly formed urethra. Accompanying personnel should pay attention to maintain the original position of the urinary catheter, do not make the fixed urinary catheter loose, pulling, folding, twisting, etc., otherwise it will lead to pain, affecting the healing, hindering drainage. 3, the urine bag should avoid contact with the ground below to prevent contamination, the urine bag should be full to empty the bag should be left a small amount of urine in the bag, so as to avoid too much air into the bag and through the pipeline upward, affecting the urine drainage. 4, the child bedridden intestinal activity is weakened, easy to constipation, defecation force when the urine often overflow through the urethra (usually do not need special treatment). During hospitalization, attention should be paid to prevent constipation, can be trained before the operation of the child lying in bed defecation, postoperative recovery diet should be increased in food fiber content (such as vegetables, bananas, sweet potatoes, etc.), can also be given to honey laxative. 5, indwelling urinary catheter, in addition to the normal urine outflow, there may be a small amount of flocculent and bloody material, especially in the child more activities after the discharge of bloody material may be more obvious, generally do not need special treatment, should try to keep the child quiet, reduce the activity. 6, generally in the postoperative 3-7 days to change the medicine or remove the dressing to expose the wound and adjust the urinary catheter, the treatment process is accompanied by pain, parents can do some ideological work on the child before and comfort, with analgesic pumps can also pay attention to adjusting the time of medication to the change of medication before the addition of medication. Determine the time to change the medication, can be used in advance of the Elixir of liquid repeated multiple drops soak the wound dressing in order to easily remove, reduce bleeding and pain. 7.According to the needs of the condition, most of them will be discharged after removing the urinary catheter in 7-11 days after the operation or discharged with a short tube. After removing or retiring the tube, you should drink water and urinate as soon as possible, and observe whether there is any difficulty in urination, laboriousness, obvious prolongation of urination time, thin urine line, pain in urination, frequent urination, urinary urgency, urinary fistula, etc. In particular, pay attention to the small urine fistula. Special attention to the fistula is small urine from the fistula drip, drip or bubble water droplets. Sometimes due to the presence of absorbable thread at the urethral opening, the urethral discharge of urine can be divided into two or several strands of discharge, is a normal phenomenon, to be later after the shedding of the threads can be improved on their own. The younger children are reluctant to urinate due to the pain at the beginning of the urethral catheterization, so they should be induced patiently and urged to urinate on their own. Sometimes a small amount of secretion or blood coagulation in the urethral orifice after catheterization becomes a crust and blocks the urethral orifice, preventing urine from being discharged and making it difficult to urinate. The obstruction should be removed by a doctor or bathed in a tub early to facilitate urination. If the obstruction persists, it will increase the chance of urinary fistula or aggravate the existing urinary fistula. 8, about the tube urination: some cases may be in the postoperative period of 3-7 days will be out of the bladder, urethra short tube to urinate, and discharge with a tube, with a tube urination can reduce the risk of urinary fistula and urethral stenosis, with a tube there may be varying degrees of inconvenience and pain, the majority of cases can be tolerated, but some of the younger children may be due to the tube urination and crying more. Attention should be paid to these cases to support the anterior end of the urinary catheter with the hand when urinating, so as to avoid the impact of urine on the urinary catheter to cause the fixed line pulling and aggravate the pain, and more importantly, to avoid the impact of the urine flow too much to lead to the catheter dislodgement. If the urinary catheter is not fixed stably and the fixation line falls off, it should be dealt with by the doctor as soon as possible, so as to prevent the urinary catheter from falling off prematurely and failing to achieve the therapeutic purpose, as well as the urinary catheter entering into the posterior urethra and bladder towards the back, which makes it difficult to take out. Pay attention to protect the urinary catheter and follow up at the time required by the doctor to remove the urinary catheter. 9, the early postoperative period due to local pressure bandage, penile edema is generally not heavy, after the removal of the dressing, penile swelling may be significantly increased, especially with the inner plate of the foreskin (the more tender part of the skin) covered by the part of the removal of the bandage after the emergence of local yellow secretion (sometimes pus-like) and scabs or blood seepage is also a relatively common phenomenon, usually do not need special treatment, warm salt water after a bath can gradually subside, the swelling completely subside. Sometimes it takes several months for the swelling to completely subside. 10, after discharge from the hospital home should start warm salt water bath as soon as possible. Methods: 2% -5% concentration of preparation (about every 5 pounds of water plus 1 two salt to every 2 pounds of water plus 1 two salt, usually 5 pounds of warm water bottles, each bottle of salt 1 two), in a large basin with boiling water to rinse salt, to be the temperature of the water down to the child does not scald to the child (do not cool) when the child can be seated in the basin, the vulva all immersed in the water under the surface of the water, each time to sit in the bath for 15-30 minutes, 2-3 times a day (the early edema is more pronounced can be 3 times a day, the later edema gradually subside), and then the children can sit in the tub. (Early edema is more obvious can be 3 times a day, later edema gradually subside can be 1-2 times a day), usually need at least 2 weeks of pelvic bath, 2 weeks after the review to determine whether to stop the pelvic bath depending on the situation. 11, follow-up time: usually 2 weeks after discharge should go to the urology clinic for review (if there is obvious thinning of the urinary line, urinary difficulties, urinary frequency, urinary urgency, urinary pain and other related abnormalities, it should be reviewed as soon as possible to deal with. It is recommended to review the patient at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year after discharge from the hospital. Since hypospadias not only involves urinary problems, but also has a greater impact on the patient’s mental health, and is more related to the patient’s sexual function and sex life in adulthood, adult patients or children should be reviewed and consulted for related problems after adulthood, and should be reviewed again after the child enters puberty and develops. This is a long-term problem, but it is closely related to the quality of life of patients and should be emphasized. Long-term and regular follow-up is beneficial for monitoring the long-term outcome of the child’s postoperative period and for receiving timely treatment or guidance.