Surgery for adenoids in children is generally not seriously harmful, but may bring about bleeding and choking, or increase the risk of lower respiratory tract infections. Children with enlarged adenoids that meet the indications for surgery can be treated with surgical removal of the adenoids, which generally does not pose any serious harm, but may carry some risks. For example, if children are young and have poor self-control, they may cry after adenoid removal, increasing the risk of postoperative wound bleeding, which in turn may cause choking after blood is mistakenly aspirated into the airway. Adenoids are immune organs, and when respiratory infections occur, enlarged adenoids help to prevent the spread of the disease and confine the infection to the upper respiratory tract. Removal of adenoids may increase the risk of lower respiratory tract infections, but the extent of the effect varies from person to person. Prompt medical attention is recommended for children with enlarged adenoids. Whether or not surgical removal of the adenoids should be chosen is a matter for the doctor to decide after weighing the pros and cons of the condition in consultation with the family.