Gastroenterology is short for anal and intestinal surgery, which is part of major surgery. Gastroenterology is a major medical specialty. The two not only belong to the first level of disciplines are different, the scope of diseases and treatment modalities are also very different. 1. The scope of diseases and treatment modalities of anorectal surgery: the diseases involved in anorectal surgery mainly include anal fissure, hemorrhoids, perianal abscess, rectal cancer, rectal polyps, anal papilloma, colon cancer, congenital lesions of the rectum and anal canal. Anorectal treatment is mainly based on surgical procedures, but also can be treated with medication, physiotherapy and so on. 2. Disease scope and treatment modes of gastroenterology: diseases involved in gastroenterology mainly include esophagitis, gastritis, peptic ulcer, inflammatory bowel disease, infectious enteritis, hepatitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, pancreatic dystrophy, pancreatitis and so on. Common treatments in gastroenterology include medication, gastrointestinal endoscopic treatment, and many other means. For patients with digestive system-related diseases, they should go to regular hospitals, where medical staff will help them choose a reasonable department according to their situation and conduct relevant examinations and treatments, so as to avoid delays that may lead to adverse consequences.