Thyroid nodules cannot usually be eliminated by taking medication, but they can reduce clinical symptoms and, if necessary, the nodules can be eliminated by surgery. Asymptomatic benign thyroid nodules usually do not require special treatment, and regular checkups are sufficient. If thyroid nodules are accompanied by hyperthyroidism, they can be treated with antithyroid medications under the guidance of a physician, such as propylthiouracil and methimazole, which can improve clinical symptoms; however, the medications can only play an adjunctive therapeutic role, and cannot eliminate the thyroid nodules. If the thyroid nodules are large and the clinical symptoms are obvious, or if there are malignant thyroid nodules, surgical treatment is needed to eliminate the thyroid nodules. Diagnosed with thyroid nodules should promptly seek medical attention and standardized treatment according to the condition.