How to heal wounds in cardiac patients after surgery

  The current incision used for most adult cardiac surgery patients is the traditional median open chest with longitudinal splitting of the sternum. The closed chest uses a wire to fix the sternum, and for elderly patients, osteoporotic patients, diabetic patients, and large weight patients, a plate is added to fix the sternum. The sutures are generally divided into three layers.  They are: myocutaneous suture, subcutaneous suture, and embroidered skin. The pain that often occurs during the patient’s sternum and wound healing process is pain in the sternum, both sides of the sternum, and at the scapula, respectively. Some patients experience pain in both arms, inability to raise both arms or discomfort such as numbness in the three fingers on the inner side of the lower arm. These pains need to be differentiated from cardiac factors, other than the fact that they are mostly triggered by strain on the torso due to intraoperative pulling, sternal spreading, or changes in the rocking bed position. These pains usually recover slowly three to six months after surgery.  Patients are generally not advised to take too many painkillers because caffeinated painkillers are addictive, and the use of salicylic acid painkillers like fenpropathrin with aspirin can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.  It is also important to monitor and control blood glucose during the patient’s postoperative wound healing process. These factors increase the risk of poor wound or sternal healing, so it is especially important to encourage the patient to consume adequate calories and protein as a nutritional component in the postoperative period. In addition, a moderate amount of activity will help the cardiac patient’s postoperative gastrointestinal tract and facilitate the patient’s postoperative recovery.