Ineffective surgical treatment for lumbar disc herniation requires surgical treatment, and depending on the condition, different stepwise surgical methods can be used. 1.Minimally invasive treatment: For patients with small disc herniation, mild disc pathology, and good intervertebral stability, minimally invasive treatment can be used, including radiofrequency ablation, ozone, and laser. 2. Non-fusion surgical treatment: Including traditional small open surgery, full plate surgery, and discoscopy and spinal stabilization surgery carried out in recent years. 3.Fusion Surgery: For herniated or prolapsed intervertebral discs, heavy disc lesions, intervertebral instability, significant narrowing of the intervertebral space, revision surgeries, and so on, sexual fusion surgery is needed.