Interstitial lung changes are simply pathologic changes in the lung detected by imaging and are mainly due to inflammatory responses in the lung, such as interstitial inflammation due to infectious agents, including viruses, such as adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, and rhinovirus. In addition, inflammatory changes in the interstitial lung caused by mycoplasma and chlamydia, as well as idiopathic diffuse fibrosis of the interstitial lung, can be treated symptomatically and etiologically to slow down the decline in lung function, improve cardiopulmonary function, and improve pulmonary ventilation and air exchange. For mycoplasma and chlamydia infections, macrolides, such as erythromycin and azithromycin, can be chosen. For viral infections, drugs such as interferon, ribavirin, oseltamivir, and cytarabine can be selected as appropriate. For idiopathic interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, glucocorticoids as well as immunosuppressants can be chosen for treatment.