Rifaximin is generally used in the treatment of diarrhea-type irritable bowel syndrome, and it has mechanisms of antibacterial activity, reduction of bacterial adhesion, toxicity, and pathogenicity, as well as modulation of intestinal immune signaling and activation of the pregnane X receptor. Rifaximin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is frequently used in the treatment of a variety of intestinal disorders, including bacterial diarrhea, diarrheal irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and colonic diverticulosis. In its mechanism of action in the treatment of diarrheal irritable bowel syndrome, there are mechanisms such as antibacterial action, reduction of bacterial virulence and pathogenicity, reduction of bacterial adhesion to epithelial cells, modulation of intestinal immune signaling and activation of the pregnane X receptor to reduce the occurrence of diarrhea. It has the characteristics of oral non-intestinal absorption, and its antibacterial activity is relatively strong, because it is not absorbed by the intestinal tract and accumulates less in other organs, so there are relatively few adverse reactions. Adverse reactions such as headache, headache, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and rash may occur. It is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity, intestinal obstruction, and peptic ulcers. Rifaximin is a prescription drug and must be applied under medical supervision.