Anti-sperm antibody test is performed to determine the presence or absence of anti-sperm antibodies in a woman’s body, and is a means of identifying the cause of infertility. Anti-sperm antibodies are produced by a woman’s immune system, which recognizes sperm entering the woman’s body as antigens and binds to them to kill them, thus causing infertility. The main causes of anti-sperm antibodies in women include viral or bacterial infections, and the breakdown of physiological barriers. Prolonged infection induces an inflammatory response, which in turn stimulates the body to produce anti-sperm antibodies. Damage to the physiological barrier due to trauma or other factors causes sperm to enter the blood circulation through lymph or capillaries, which in turn stimulates the body to produce anti-sperm antibodies. If a woman is diagnosed as having anti-sperm antibodies in her body, it is recommended that she undergoes standardized treatment as soon as possible in order to reduce the adverse effects of the disease.