Soreness of the lateral calf muscles is considered to be related to physical factors such as strenuous exercise and overwork, and does not require special treatment. We should also be alert to muscle strain, lower extremity deep vein thrombosis, lumbar intervertebral disc herniation, etc., and need to follow the medical advice of medication or surgical treatment. 1. Physiological factors: some people can be due to strenuous exercise, overexertion and the phenomenon of soreness of the lateral calf muscles. Usually, it will be relieved by itself after proper rest and no special treatment is needed. 2. Muscle strain: muscle strain should pay attention to the brake rest, but also through the local ice, pressure bandage and elevation of the lower limbs and other ways to ease the soreness. For those with severe pain, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as naproxen and ibuprofen can be used to relieve the pain as prescribed by the doctor. 3. Deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs: patients need to elevate the lower limbs and wear elastic stockings or elastic bandages, which can reduce the swelling of the lower limbs. At the same time, patients also need to follow the doctor’s instructions with ordinary heparin, low molecular heparin and other drugs for anticoagulation therapy, the application of urokinase, bacitracin and other drugs for thrombolytic therapy. In severe cases, surgical treatment such as transcatheter direct thrombolysis is feasible. 4. Lumbar intervertebral disc herniation: the disease caused by the lateral calf muscle pain can be prescribed with meloxicam, celecoxib and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, ethylpiperidinone, cloxacillin and other muscle relaxants to alleviate the symptoms. Some patients can also be prescribed with vitamin B, methylcobalamin and other nutritive nerve drugs. Some patients with severe conditions can seek medical treatment such as spinal endoscopic nucleus pulposus removal, hemilaminectomy, interbody fusion and other surgical treatments, as well as external shockwave, low and medium frequency electrotherapy, high-energy laser therapy and traction and other physical treatments. It is recommended that the person who has muscle pain on the outside of the calf should consult a doctor for examination, and follow the doctor’s instructions for treatment after clarifying the cause of the disease, and do not blindly use medication.