Infants’ eyes are not well developed at birth and the retinal macula is not yet formed until the child is about 4 years old. Compared with adults, the developing eyes of infants and toddlers are more susceptible to damage, and once damage occurs, it will endanger the baby’s eyesight. The following are a few of the more common bad habits we see in our daily lives that are harmful to infants and children’s eyesight. 1, bath with the bath With the advent of winter, in order to avoid the baby bath cold, parents often open the bath to infants and toddlers at the same time, and infants and toddlers often take a bath face up position, unaware that the bright light of the bath will cause harm to the baby’s eyes. Bath bar is emitted by a high-energy blue light, can penetrate the cornea and lens and contact with the retina. Children’s cornea and conjunctiva are relatively delicate and easily damaged, and because children’s lens is relatively clear, can not effectively filter the harmful blue light from the bath bombs as adults, excessive blue light exposure, will burn the retina, damage the visual cells, the retinal white spots, so that the baby’s eyesight is damaged. In addition, the macula in the retina is the most abundant and sensitive area of the eye to collect information. When babies are born, the macular region of the retina is not yet formed and does not fully develop until they are about 4 years old, making them more susceptible to damage. Therefore, in order to avoid stimulation of the baby’s eyes by the bright light of the bath, before giving the baby a bath, the bath can be turned on so that the bathroom preheat, wait until the bathroom temperature is about the same, and then turn off the bath. In addition, parents should pay attention to avoid strong sunlight, flashing lights, etc. directly into the eyes of infants and toddlers, to avoid infants and toddlers in too strong light to sleep. In addition, you can also give your infant and toddler a proper supplement of dark green vegetables rich in lutein. Lutein is an antioxidant that is good for eye health and can effectively protect infants and children’s retinas from oxidative damage and blue light damage. 2, long-term a posture lying or a posture feeding As babies and toddlers lie in bed for a long time, the crib is usually against the wall, adults often in the same direction when feeding or talking with the baby, the baby will habitually old gaze in the same direction, so it is easy to form exotropia. Therefore, we recommend changing the baby’s sleeping position often, today the head sleeps on the left, tomorrow the head sleeps on the right, every other day, and also often change the position of breastfeeding, so that the direction of light projection often changes, so that the baby’s eyes are no longer often turned to one side, thus causing strabismus. 3, sleep without turning off the lights Many mothers, in order to take better care of their babies at night, or fear that their babies are afraid of the dark and refuse to sleep, usually sleep with the lights on all night. The practice of sleeping without turning off the lights has caused serious damage to the baby’s vision development. When babies are sleeping, their eyes cannot be stimulated by light because the light during sleep may affect the ciliary muscles of children. Although the eyelids serve to shield the light source when a person’s eyes are closed, if the artificial light source is too strong, the light penetrates the eyelids and the pupils feel the light, causing the ciliary muscles to remain tense and other tissues controlled by the autonomic nerve to become tight due to the nerve reflex. This is highly likely to cause damage to the retina and affect the normal development of vision for infants and young children. Studies have reported that sleeping with the light on affects the normal development of the baby’s vision and can easily lead to myopia later on. Babies who often sleep with a small light on have a 30% myopia rate, while babies who sleep with a large light on have a 55% myopia rate. Therefore, we suggest that parents should cultivate the good habit of sleeping with the light off since the baby is born. Sleeping at night except for feeding babies, changing diapers and other situations to turn on the light, the rest of the time try not to turn on the light. If adults still need to move around the house again after the baby goes to sleep, turn on a small light source desk lamp or floor lamp in a place far away from the baby’s sleep. If the baby already has the habit of sleeping with the lights on, prepare an adjustable lamp, dim the lights day by day, and finally make the baby fully adapt to sleep with the lights off. 4, take pictures with flash Every mother likes to use the camera to record the baby’s growth. But the use of traditional flash when taking pictures on the baby’s eyes and skin can cause a lot of damage, according to authoritative medical evidence: before the baby is 12 months old, the retina and pupil is not well developed, especially the macula of the retina is very fragile, 8 months after birth are still growing and developing, can not withstand too much electronic flash light. Because the impact of this light on the retina is too strong, it can cause damage to the retinal nerve cells of infants, and if the distance is within 1 meter, then the damage to the infant’s eye is even greater, and in serious cases, improper treatment can lead to blindness. Therefore, we recommend that the baby within 8 months of age with a fool machine to take pictures, be careful with the flash, should try to use natural light. 5, bedside hanging toys Many parents in order to amuse the baby, often hanging around the crib full of flowers and green toys, in order to cultivate the baby’s aesthetic and color cognitive ability, but the toy hanging must be scientific, because the baby in the first few months of life, the regulation of eye activity of some muscles are not yet well developed, the eyes of the common coordination of motor ability is poor, if the baby stares in one direction for a long time, or because the toy Hanging closer, so that the child often look at the two eyes near the object, to maintain the state of convergence, it is easy to form a “pair of eyes” “cross-eyed” (internal strabismus). Therefore, we recommend that if you want to set up toys, objects, must be 1.5 meters away from the bed, and should be hung in more than one direction, there should be a certain distance between the two objects, so that children take turns looking at toys or objects, to promote the baby’s eyes constantly turn, to prevent the “right eye”. Similarly, for those older children, when watching television, in addition to pay attention to maintain a certain distance, can not let children sit in the same position every time, especially the position of the oblique to the TV. Should always exchange seats left and right, otherwise the child in order to watch TV, the eyes always look in one direction, the head will also be habitually crooked to the side. Over time, it will cause strabismus. 6, eye trauma infancy is a critical period of visual development, if the eye is damaged at this time, it will seriously affect the development of the child’s vision, resulting in low vision and strabismus. In addition, because the transient reflex of small infants is not yet sound, special attention should be paid to the prevention of foreign bodies in the eyes. If you go out on a windy day, you should cover your baby’s face with gauze; when you sweep the bed, you should hold your child away so that the wind and sand or the small burrs on the broom or the cool mat do not enter the eye. Since small babies spend most of their time sleeping, it is difficult to detect foreign bodies in the eyes. If there is a secondary corneal infection, or even a corneal ulcer, which affects the child’s vision, it may also cause the child to develop strabismus. Therefore, if you find your baby crying for unknown reasons, red eyes, tearing and photophobia, you should go to the hospital in time. TIPS:In addition, the eyes into the foreign body is the baby’s accidental situation, once the improper disposal of the eye damage will affect the child’s vision development. Common foreign bodies are: sand, dust, small insects, cotton wool, iron filings, etc. These foreign bodies into the eye, most of them are adhered to the surface of the eye. At this time, you should not let the baby rub the eye, because this may embed the foreign body originally adhered to the surface of the eye to the deeper part of the eye, resulting in increased damage and difficult to remove. The correct treatment method is: apply the thumb and forefinger to gently pinch the upper eyelid, gently lift forward and blow lightly into the eye to stimulate the eye to tear and flush out the foreign matter such as sand and dust. If it is a stone sand grain into the eye, you should immediately turn over the upper and lower eyelids, take out the larger sand grain, then flush with a lot of water, and then immediately send to the hospital for further treatment. If the foreign body is embedded in the cornea (black eye), do not rub the eye, use water to flush, if the foreign body still can not be removed, emergency treatment to the hospital. The most common chemical eye trauma in children is lime burns, which are alkali burns. Mostly caused by playing with lime powder scattered into the eyes or accidentally fall into the lime pit or lime pile, often accompanied by injuries to the head, face or other parts of the body. Lime in contact with water generates a lot of heat, burns the eye tissue and keeps expanding to deeper tissues, making the extent of the injury more severe. Therefore, the most effective and important measure is emergency treatment, whether it is an acid burn or alkali burn, or other chemical injury, once it occurs immediately, you should first get rid of the lime particles, and then flush the injury with tap water or water nearby. It is best if the eyelids can be gently separated and flushed, or if the injured eye can be immersed in water and opened in order to dilute and wash away the chemicals in the conjunctival sac before going to the hospital for further treatment. It is inappropriate to go to the hospital without the above emergency treatment in the field, and it is proper to go to the hospital for further treatment after the above treatment in the field.