Cholesteatoma of the ear is divided into cholesteatoma of the external auditory canal and cholesteatoma of the middle ear, and the treatment usually needs to be determined according to the specific situation, and surgery is recommended. 1. Cholesteatoma of the external auditory canal: Cholesteatoma without co-infection is easy to remove, and can be removed by cerumen hook. Infected cholesteatoma should be controlled. When the lesion is extensive, external auditory canal plasty and sometimes even mastoidectomy are needed. 2. Middle ear cholesteatoma: Surgery is the mainstay of clinical treatment, and drug treatment is supplementary. For middle ear cholesteatoma, it is generally recommended to perform surgery as early as possible, and mastoidectomy, tympanoplasty and other surgical methods are often chosen to remove the lesions, improve the ventilation and drainage of the middle ear, and rebuild the hearing structure. After surgery, according to the scope of the operation area, the patients can choose the appropriate level of antibiotic anti-infection treatment. After the patients actively cooperate with the doctor, they can mostly achieve the purpose of cure, but there is also the possibility of recurrence. Cholesteatoma of the ear, actively seek medical advice to clarify the diagnosis and condition, and follow the doctor’s instructions to standardize the use of drugs and treatment.