Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell therapy utilizes umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, which are isolated and cultured in vitro and artificially processed to produce new cells, tissues, or organs, which are then transplanted to treat the patient’s disease due to aging or lesions. Stem cells have good self-replicating ability and are a kind of multipotential cells, which can be differentiated into nerve, cardiac muscle, liver, endothelium, fat, cartilage, bone, tendon, muscle, ligament, and other tissue cells under specific induction conditions in vitro or in vivo, and then the differentiated cells, after successive passaging cultures as well as freezing and preservation, still possess multidirectional differentiation potentials, so that they are called “universal cell”. Among them, adipose tissue, bone marrow, placental tissue and umbilical cord can be used for stem cell harvesting, but among them, umbilical cord MSCs originating from healthy umbilical cord tissue can obtain a large number of highly viable stem cells for expansion and progeny, without having to consider problems such as mating and rejection. In recent years, umbilical cord MSC therapy has been applied to a variety of complex and difficult-to-treat diseases, and has developed rapidly, playing an important role in the treatment of more and more diseases.