Parkinson Disease (PD) is a slowly progressive extrapyramidal disorder that occurs in middle-aged and older adults, preferably between the ages of 50 and 65 years, with incidence increasing with age and symptoms slowly progressing with age. The youthful type is rare. Resting tremor, bradykinesia, limb rigidity and postural reflex disorder are the four main signs of the disease, especially the former two are the most typical. Patients may experience a generalized slowing and reduction of random and automatic movements, difficulty in initiating movements, masked faces, staring, salivation, monotonous and low-pitched articulation, difficulty in writing and smaller and smaller letters (dysgraphia), head tilting, trunk flexion, and a reduction or disappearance of the natural swing of the arms when walking. As Parkinson’s disease is usually slow and progressive, it can gradually and seriously affect the quality of life of patients, and endanger their lives in advanced stages. For Parkinson’s disease (PD), drug treatment is generally preferred in the early stage, and the most commonly used drugs are dopaminergic drugs, such as Methyldopa and Sinemet. However, the current pharmacological treatments for PD are only symptomatic and cannot stop the progression of the disease. The efficacy of the treatment gradually deteriorates after a long period of time, and the dosage is gradually increased, and the side-effects become more and more serious, such as abnormal movements, “switching” phenomenon, nausea and vomiting, mental confusion, hallucinations, psychosis, neurotoxicity, etc. Surgery is the preferred treatment for PD. Surgery is an important tool in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease and is a useful complement to drug therapy. For the vast majority of patients who are suitable for surgical treatment, symptoms can be significantly improved, drug dosage can be reduced, and quality of life can be significantly improved after surgery. For the surgical treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD), there are mainly deep brain stimulation (DBS, commonly known as “brain pacemaker”) and neuronal nucleus pulposus disfigurement (NNPD), and DBS has been recognized by the medical profession as having the best therapeutic efficacy and the most widely used. The use of DBS is decreasing and has been gradually replaced by DBS, which is now mainly used for patients who cannot receive DBS for special reasons. DBS reduces the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease by implanting electrodes in specific neural nuclei in the brain and releasing high-frequency electrical stimulation to inhibit the electrical impulses of the neurons that are over-excited due to the decrease in dopaminergic neurons and reduce the over-excitation state of these neurons. A brain pacemaker is an exquisitely small microelectronic device consisting of a pulse generator, an electrode, and an extension lead, all of which are implanted in the body. The implanted components generally do not interfere with the patient’s daily life. So what kind of Parkinson’s (PD) patient is a candidate for Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) treatment? First of all, they must be patients with a clear diagnosis of primary Parkinson’s disease; secondly, they must be patients who used to have good efficacy on levodopa, but now the efficacy of the drug has gradually declined or side effects have appeared, and the disease has begun to affect their normal work and life; furthermore, they must not have obvious intellectual disabilities, and they must be willing and able to cooperate with each other during the procedure and the follow-up visits later on. What are the contraindications to DBS treatment? DBS is contraindicated in the following cases: patients with Parkinson’s syndrome; patients with significant cognitive impairment or significant, uncontrollable psychiatric disorders; patients with severe organic diseases, coagulation disorders, and other contraindications to surgery. What is the clinical efficacy of DBS treatment? Clinical studies have demonstrated that DBS has significant efficacy in the treatment of PD: it can improve the symptoms of tremor, rigidity, slow movement or inability to move, balance disorders, etc.; it can reduce the dose of oral medication, thus reducing the side effects of medication; and it can significantly improve the quality of patients’ daily life and the ability of social activities. Experience has shown significant results in patients who respond well to levodopa. What are the surgical risks of DBS treatment? DBS is, overall, a less invasive and less risky effective means of treating PD, with the advantage of reversible stimulation rather than permanent destruction of neural structures. However, as a surgical procedure, it is difficult to avoid some risks, and a small number of patients may experience bleeding in the operative area, infection (usually less than 1-3%), and more rare complications such as hemiparesis, aphasia, seizures, coma, and even death.