The presence of a bone island in the rib cage usually indicates a bony nodule within the osteophyte of the rib cage, which is usually caused by abnormal bone development and usually has no obvious clinical symptoms, and is usually less than 2 cm in diameter. The bone island is usually not an abnormal disease and usually does not require special treatment. If it is difficult to distinguish from a tumor, further investigations such as CT scan or radionuclide scan need to be considered. Sometimes the final diagnosis can be confirmed by postoperative pathological examination after resection surgery. Therefore, patients do not need special concern if rib bone islands are present. If the patient has tumor disease itself, it needs to be given high priority to avoid misdiagnosis as bone island and delayed treatment.