Bladder cancer needing chemotherapy may be early stage or late stage. Generally, early stage bladder cancer can be treated with surgery and intravesical instillation chemotherapy after surgery, while systemic chemotherapy is needed for advanced stage which cannot be treated with surgery. Bladder cancer is mainly categorized into three stages: early stage, middle stage and late stage. Early stage bladder cancer is relatively mild and usually adopts surgery to remove the cancerous lesion, and whether chemotherapy is given after surgery depends on the postoperative pathology. Early stage bladder cancer can achieve better bladder cancer treatment effect after surgical resection. After surgery, intravesical instillation chemotherapy can be used, and this kind of localized chemotherapy also has less damage from side effects. In the middle stage of bladder cancer, if it has not metastasized or spread, it can be treated with surgery and combined with chemotherapy, while in the late stage of bladder cancer, systemic chemotherapy is mainly used, which can also be combined with targeted therapy.