Incomplete longitudinal uterus means that the end of the longitudinal septum in the uterine cavity terminates at the level above the endocervix and does not reach the cervical area. There are two types of longitudinal uterus, namely, complete and incomplete. A completely longitudinal uterus means that the end of the longitudinal septum in the uterine cavity reaches or exceeds the endocervix, which divides the cervix into two parts as well, so that it appears to have the appearance of two cervixes. A longitudinal uterus is usually asymptomatic and clinically manifests itself by affecting the pregnancy outcome of fertile women, including recurrent miscarriage, preterm delivery and premature rupture of membranes, with recurrent miscarriage being the most common. Transvaginal ultrasonography is currently the most commonly used diagnostic method, showing two areas of endometrial echogenicity with no obvious signs of depression at the base of the uterus. Hysterosalpingography with iodine oil helps to understand the morphology of the uterine cavity and assess the patency of the tubes bilaterally. Combined hysterolaparoscopy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of a longitudinal uterus. Longitudinal uterus should be treated surgically when it affects fertility. The longitudinal septum can be removed hysteroscopically under laparoscopic surveillance, and pregnancy is usually possible three months after surgery.