Cretinism, also known as cretinism, is mainly categorized into endemic cretinism and sporadic cretinism, and this disease may be hereditary. Endemic cretinism is a neuropsychiatric syndrome caused by iodine deficiency in the fetal period or early postnatal period, which is mainly manifested by mental retardation, such as mental retardation, slow reaction, etc. At the same time, symptoms related to thyroid dysfunction, such as short stature, mucous edema, etc., may also occur. Sporadic cretinism is a disease of reduced thyroid hormone secretion due to congenital factors, which results in slowed growth and development and mental retardation, and is mainly characterized by symptoms such as backwardness of intelligence, growth retardation, and physiological hypofunction. Cretinism attacks may be related to genetic or non-genetic factors, so cretinism is likely to be inherited. It is recommended that patients seek medical treatment as soon as possible for diagnosis and active treatment under the guidance of a professional physician. At the same time, patients should pay attention to diet, iodine-deficient patients can consume foods with high iodine content, and moderate intake of seaweed, nori, hairy vegetables, marine fish, shrimp and other seafood.