Persistent sodium excretion in the urine should be differentiated from other causes of hyponatremia. For example, hyponatremia due to kidney disease, liver and heart disorders may have edema, increased aldosterone and decreased urinary sodium in addition to symptoms related to the disease. Chronic hyperaldosteronism causes hyponatremia and hypernatremia. Clinical features include skin pigmentation, which can be differentiated by urine and blood cortisol measurements. What is the prevention of persistent sodium excretion in the urine? The most important thing for SIADH is prevention, and being alert to drug-induced SIADH, good vaccination, prevention of nodular brain, encephalitis, traumatic brain injury, etc., prevention of neonatal asphyxia, intracranial hemorrhage, etc., are all beneficial to reduce the incidence of this disorder. Many endocrine diseases can be prevented, such as endemic goiter postpartum hypopituitarism, adrenal tuberculosis causing chronic hyperaldosteronism and thyroid crisis, etc. The main principle of treatment of endocrine diseases is to eradicate the cause or correct the pathophysiologically induced dysfunction and metabolic disorders. In the treatment of mild cases, the symptoms can be improved by limiting water intake to <100ml per day, weight loss, subsequent increase in serum sodium and osmolality, and decrease in urinary sodium excretion. In severe cases, 200-300ml of 5% sodium chloride solution should be given intravenously by slow drip, gradually raising the blood sodium over several hours, and tachyphylaxis drainage can also be added. Application of anti-ADH drugs, such as norethindrone, can impede the water reabsorption of ADH into the renal tubules. Lithium salts have a similar effect, but are more toxic. The most fundamental treatment for this disease is etiologic treatment, and malignant tumors require surgical resection, supplemented by radiotherapy and chemotherapy.