Melasma can be improved by laser treatment and is best treated by a combination of treatments with medication.
Melasma is often difficult to treat, with many patients experiencing incomplete remission and frequent recurrences. A combination of treatments targeting multiple causative factors (e.g., photodamage, inflammation, vascular abnormalities, and pigmentation abnormalities) is usually required to achieve optimal clinical outcomes.
Treatment consists of a variety of drugs that inhibit melanin biosynthesis and increase the rate of epidermal cell renewal (topical skin lighteners are first-line therapies such as cyanocoquinone cream, azelaic acid, etc.), as well as chemical peels that accelerate melanin removal but do not interfere with melanin synthesis and the translocation of melanosome vesicles from the melanocytes to the keratin-forming cells (chemical peels and oral tranexamic acid are second-line therapies), and laser therapy.
Of these, laser and light therapy are the third-line treatments for melasma, and are indicated for patients who have had poor results with topical treatments and chemical peels. It should be noted that laser and light therapy should be used with caution in patients with dark skin due to the higher risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
In the course of treatment, it is necessary to strengthen the daily care, pay attention to moisturizing sunscreen, do not be exposed to ultraviolet radiation for a long time, and to strengthen the nutrition, more rest, avoid staying up late, keep a happy mood, a reasonable diet, and consume more fruits and vegetables.
When using medication, you need to follow the doctor’s instructions, safe and reasonable use of medication, not unauthorized use of medication.