The “five horses of diabetes” is a metaphor for the five key points of comprehensive diabetes glucose management, including diabetes education, medical nutrition therapy, exercise therapy, use of hypoglycemic drugs and blood glucose monitoring. Diabetes education can be the key to the success or failure of treatment. Only through diabetes education can patients understand diabetes and know the dangers of diabetes, so that they can have better compliance with treatment. Medical nutrition therapy is dietary intervention, and its and exercise therapy are the basic measures to reduce sugar, and should be used throughout the course of diabetes patients’ disease. Medications include oral hypoglycemic agents, insulin preparations, and glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists (GLP-1 agonists for short). The doctor will choose the appropriate glucose-lowering medication based on the patient’s blood sugar, pancreatic function, and body type. Blood glucose monitoring is also important, like a student’s exam, to know whether the diet and exercise are compatible and whether the medication dose is appropriate through blood glucose monitoring. Only when the five carriages go hand in hand, can blood sugar be controlled well.