According to the latest news, the NBA famous star, the star of the Chicago Bulls – point guard Derrick? Rose is expected to miss the rest of the season after undergoing surgery for a torn meniscus in his right knee. Earlier, Rose felt pain in his right knee and after going through an MRI, the results showed that he had a torn meniscus. Currently, the Bulls have confirmed that Rose will undergo surgery to repair the torn meniscus. Experts analyze that Rose is likely to miss the season. 2008 Rose to the first prize as the emergence, relying on unparalleled explosive power and speed captured the hearts of countless fans. But in the first game of the 2012 Bulls playoffs against the 76ers, Rose tore the anterior cruciate ligament in his left knee and missed all of the Bulls’ games the following season. Rose underwent right knee surgery after just 10 games last season. Once the history of the youngest regular season Most Valuable Player (MVP) but suffered from knee injuries, now is not what it used to be, after a few knee surgery, it has been difficult to return to that year’s peak state. In running, jumping, against the type of project sports, knee meniscus why often occur injury? What are the effects of meniscus injuries on people? How to prevent meniscus injury, how to rehabilitation exercises? To this end, the newspaper interviewed the Chinese Medical Association National Bone and Joint Disease Committee Executive Committee, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Director of Joint Surgery Zhu Yu Chang. Director Zhu introduced, meniscus is 2 crescent-shaped fibrous cartilage, respectively attached to the tibial plateau medial and lateral joint surface. Normal knee meniscus on both sides of the form is slightly different, the outer meniscus is small and hypertrophy, similar to the “O” shape, the inner meniscus is larger, similar to the “C” shape. It is often divided into three parts: the anterior leg, the body and the posterior horn. Each meniscus is about 5 mm high around the circumference, triangular in cross-section, thick on the outside and thin on the inside, slightly concave on top to coincide with the femoral condyles, and flat on the underside to meet the tibial plateau. About 10% to 30% of the area around the meniscus is supplied with blood vessels, and the anterior and posterior corners have a relatively more adequate blood supply, so injuries in this area heal better. The area in the middle is not supplied with blood vessels and is more difficult to repair after an injury. The area where these two areas meet has a partial blood supply, and injuries here can heal to a certain extent. The physiological function of the meniscus Zhu explained that in the human knee joint function, the meniscus has the following functions – 1, transfer load: meniscus can conduct through the knee joint about 70% of the load, thus greatly reducing the direct impact between the articular surface cartilage. 2, absorbing shock: when the knee joint is under pressure, the meniscus will be around the periphery, and the peripheral ring is aligned. The collagen fibers arranged in a ring around the meniscus will lengthen accordingly, thus absorbing the shock directly on the articular surface. 3. Stabilizing the joint: Due to the existence of the meniscus, the original shape of the subtalar articular surface of the femur and the tibial plateau are able to be more completely fitted together, which greatly improves the stability of the knee. 4. Limiting the overflexion and extension of the joint: Meniscus can slightly slide back and forth during the knee flexion and extension process, thus greatly reducing the direct impact between the articular surface cartilage. 5. During the process of knee flexion and extension, the meniscus can slightly slide back and forth, thus limiting the excessive activities of the joints at the end of flexion and extension. 5, lubricate and nourish the joints: the synovial membrane on the surface of the meniscus is able to secrete synovial fluid, which can lubricate and nourish the knee joints. It can be seen that the meniscus plays a very important role in the activities of the knee joint. Once the meniscus is damaged, it will seriously affect people’s actions. What sports can damage the meniscus in daily life and common sports, can lead to meniscus injury project has a variety of – 1, flexion of the knee position femur internal rotation, tibia external rotation, accompanied by knee valgus, this time in the violent stirrups to extend the knee, the meniscus will be squeezed in a non-normal position, such as the basketball player’s right leg power to the left side of the phase over the person, as the Meniscus anterior and posterior corners will be excessively squeezed and injury, such as kicking the ball too hard and make the knee joint violent hyper-extension, easy to cause meniscus anterior horn tear. Another example is weightlifting competition, try to lift too much weight, squatting knee joint overflexion and beyond the normal range of motion, this time the posterior horn of the meniscus by excessive compression and easy to tear. Meniscus injuries need timely diagnosis and treatment Director Zhu introduced, meniscus injury is one of the common causes of knee pain, the main symptoms of meniscus injury are: pain, joint effusion, cross-locking, leg playing soft and knee will make a loud sound. x-ray and CT scan can not show the meniscus, because the MRI has a high tissue resolution, is the best examination of the meniscus is the preferred method of examination. Meniscal injuries are manifested on MRI and are mainly graded as follows:1. Grade I injuries, i.e., early degeneration (or degeneration), are pathologically manifested as focal or early mucous-like degeneration of the meniscus, which is due to an increase in the mucopolysaccharide products within the fibrocartilage matrix within the meniscus.2. Grade II injuries, i.e., severe degeneration, are a continuation of the Grade I injury.3. Grade III injuries, i.e., tearing. This stage of injury is usually treated by arthroscopic surgery. Meniscal tear is complex, and correctly determining the location, morphology, and type of meniscal tear is very important for the development of clinical surgical plan. Director Zhu emphasized that once the meniscus is torn, early surgery is very important for healing. Currently, the following methods are available for the treatment of meniscus injuries – Conservative treatment: Conservative treatment for marginal meniscus injuries is usually able to achieve better results. Conservative treatment mainly includes the use of P, R, I, C, E in the acute stage, the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, together with other physical therapy means. Arthroscopic surgery: The main methods are meniscectomy, meniscus repair, meniscus suture, meniscus transplantation. If the tear is less than 3 millimeters, it can usually be completely repaired, between 3 millimeters and 6 millimeters, the repair effect can not be guaranteed, and greater than 6 millimeters, it is usually impossible to repair. The near-term treatment effect after meniscectomy is relatively satisfactory, but with the passage of time, symptoms such as osteoarthritis, degenerative joint changes and weight-bearing instability are likely to occur in the late stage, and the long-term satisfaction rate is only 42.5% to 68%. Therefore, early diagnosis and early treatment are recommended to preserve the meniscus as much as possible. Postoperative rehabilitation exercises are indispensable Stage 1: 1~2 weeks after surgery Goal: reduce inflammation and swelling, maintain joint mobility Methods: Apply ice for 15 minutes every 2~4 hours; use anti-inflammatory medication; take the initiative to extend and bend the knee without pain; the purpose of bending the knee is to reduce inflammation and swelling, and to maintain joint mobility. Phase II: 2 weeks~4 weeks Objective: Full range of motion of the joints, maintain muscle strength, partial weight bearing gradual transition to full weight bearing. Methods: passive and active gradual full range of motion of the knee joint; isometric contraction of the leg muscles gradually transitioned to dynamic exercises against a certain load, such as elastic band resistance flexion and extension, etc.; walking on crutches, and gradually transitioned to normal walking without crutches; continue to ice after the exercise to avoid swelling. Phase III: 4 weeks ~ 8 weeks Goal: to restore leg strength, joint full range of resistance exercises. Methods: Self-weighted squat, gradually increase the amplitude; resistance squat; gluteal muscle strength exercises; gluteal muscle strength exercises; calf muscle strength exercises Phase 4: 8 weeks ~ 12 weeks Goal: to restore the balance of muscle strength on both sides, training nerve control, restore proprioception Methods: single-leg squat, gradually increase the amplitude of the movement; single-legged squatting; squatting with unbalanced media; using unbalanced media to increase the load Phase 5: 12 weeks After Goal: Gradually perform high impact exercises such as running and jumping, and resume confrontational sports programs.