Artificial joint replacement is one of the most important advances in orthopedics since the 20th century and is the mainstay of treatment for end-stage joint disease. With advances in biomechanics, materials, and tribology, artificial joints have been designed to conform more and more to normal anatomy and physiology, and have been shown to have longer-term survival rates. Contemporary development in the field of artificial joint surgery focuses more on minimally invasive replacement surgery and rapid rehabilitation of joint function. The core concept is to achieve maximum protection of normal soft tissues during the surgery, and to provide correct functional rehabilitation guidance throughout the treatment period, so that the patients can return to normal life as soon as possible, and at the same time, save the medical cost, which is one of the trends in the development of artificial joint surgery, and the minimally invasive replacement and rapid rehabilitation require the doctors to Minimally invasive replacement and rapid rehabilitation require doctors to have more advanced surgical techniques and the cooperation of a professional rehabilitation team. The Orthopaedic Joint Center of the hospital has been focusing on the basic and clinical research of minimally invasive artificial joint replacement and rapid rehabilitation for decades, applying the world’s most advanced minimally invasive technology for artificial joint surgery with an international vision and establishing a professional rehabilitation team, thus achieving satisfactory clinical results with distinctive specialty features: In the artificial hip joint: the first anchor-in technique in China is used to repair the short external rotator muscle group, effectively restoring the posterior aspect of the artificial hip joint. In terms of artificial hip joint: adopting the first anchor-in technique in China to repair the short external rotator muscle group, effectively restoring the stability of the soft tissues behind the artificial hip joint; the first case of minimally invasive y total replacement with small incision in the province with superpath technology; adopting inlay implant minimally invasive reconstruction of the acetabulum to treat the complex congenital dislocation of the hip; applying the total y replacement with the retention of the femoral neck to treat the intertrochanteric fracture of the femur; and applying minimally invasive y total replacement with the ceramic interface of large diameter to successfully treat more and more young patients. In terms of artificial knee joints: applying minimally invasive small incision technique in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the medial compartment of the knee for unicondylar replacement, preserving the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments and the lateral compartment, the patient’s proprioceptive sensation is basically preserved after the operation, and the joint movement is more natural and comfortable; adopting minimally invasive high-flexion total knee replacement protected by quadriceps muscle, without turning the patella, with little effect on the knee-extension device, and with good functional restoration; carrying out the rotary platform CR artificial knee replacement and computer-assisted minimally invasive total knee replacement with individualized guides and so on. In terms of functional rehabilitation: early and correct rehabilitation training is of great significance to improve the efficacy of artificial joints, which can improve the postoperative joint function most quickly and maximally, avoid surgical complications, and make the surgical effect reach a more satisfactory level. The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, in accordance with the international standard of artificial joint rehabilitation, has specialized rehabilitation physicians and established orthopaedic rehabilitation treatment rooms with international standards, especially the rehabilitation program has evolved from pure post-operative rehabilitation training to full rehabilitation guidance before and after surgery. Based on the above advantages, the Orthopaedic Joint Center of the hospital is able to get down to the ground on the next day after the operation for most of the patients with routine initial hip and knee replacement, walk out of the hospital 5 days after the operation, and the knee flexion activity reaches more than 90 degrees with good gait at the time of discharge, so that the patients are able to return to the normal working life quickly.