The intervertebral disc tissue itself lacks blood supply and has a very poor repair capacity, combined with a high level of activity. Generally, after the age of 20, the intervertebral disc begins to degenerative changes, the toughness and elasticity of the fibrous ring are gradually decreasing. At this time, if trauma is encountered, especially cumulative strain injury, it becomes the cause of rupture of the annulus fibrosus. There are also many cases where there is no history of trauma, but where the tension in the muscles and ligaments increases after a cold, which increases the internal pressure of the disc and promotes the rupture of the atrophied annulus fibrosus. The intervertebral disc is a remarkable structure made of connective tissue that is burdened with unique functions. Any alteration of the disc affects its normal mechanical performance or interferes with its normal function of balancing, absorbing and redistributing its forces to the spine. The intervertebral disc includes the nucleus pulposus, the annulus fibrosus, and the cartilage plate. The nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc contains a small amount of collagen fibers in addition to a soft matrix of mucopolysaccharide-based fibrils. The nucleus pulposus accounts for more than half of the volume of the intervertebral disc and, because of its deformability, is able to transmit load forces appropriately. The ability of the intervertebral disc to maintain proper function is closely related to its water content water content, which in turn is stabilized by the polysaccharide content. Although the difference between the fibrous annulus and the nucleus pulposus is still significant, the collagen fibers of the fibrous annulus are in the form of dense laminae, with the fibers of each lamina staggered at right angles to each other and at an angle of 45° to the spine, and this laminae structure accommodates pressure and tension and the flexion and rotational stresses caused by the spine. The cartilage plate is glassy cartilage, which is scarfed between the vascularized vertebral spongiosa and the avascular nucleus pulposus. On the surface of the vitreous cartilage, the collagen fibers are parallel to each other on the surface, and at the deeper level near the bone, the collagen fibers are perpendicular. The proteoglycan ground intervertebral disc matrix is an important component of the intervertebral disc matrix and is an important structure for the mechanical and chemical functions of the disc. Proteoglycan molecules are large, extremely viscous, and very hydrophilic. Under normal conditions, the nucleus pulposus is highly compressible and has a strong loading capacity due to the properties of proteoglycans. If the glycan chains of the proteoglycans break down, they lose their ability to retain extracellular water. The biochemical integrity of the intervertebral amphibian nucleus pulposus is determined by its water content volume. Under normal conditions the intervertebral discs bear pressure and redistribute their forces to the spine and are an important part of accomplishing normal function. The formation of disc herniation is a normal excess of proteoglycans, which will cause fluid and increase in the nucleus pulposus, and the pressure within the nucleus pulposus rises and predisposes to disc herniation. However, mucopolysaccharides in the nucleus pulposus can produce a new balance through reduction and re-integration. The progressive reduction of protein polysaccharide can promote the fibrosis of collagen, and the nucleus pulposus gradually loses its original compressibility and loading capacity due to the deposition of collagen and the increase of fibrosis, which will not be able to perform the function of absorbing and redistributing the stress to the spine by the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc under load at any time, thus causing damage to the intervertebral disc. If external trauma or excessive stress is applied to the damaged disc, it is more likely to cause disc herniation. It is believed that the glycoprotein and beta-protein in the nucleus pulposus matrix form an antigen in autoimmunity, and it is this antigen that is released (referring to the release of beta-protein in degenerated discs and herniated discs, which is normally encapsulated in the nucleus pulposus), which continuously stimulates the body and thus generates an immune response, and also causes an inflammatory response in the nerves, resulting in pain.