Breast cancer, one of the most common malignancies in women, can exhibit different clinical and pathological features and prognostic differences in young and elderly patients. Current studies have shown that the TNM stage of breast cancer, histological grading, axillary lymph node metastasis status, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) and other related factors determine the biological behavior of breast cancer and play an extremely important role in determining the prognosis. Because of the different lifestyles, socio-cultural backgrounds, environments, economic status and literacy levels of young and old breast cancer patients, the clinical and pathological characteristics and prognosis of young and old breast cancer patients are different. It is our common wish to take targeted measures to improve the prognosis of young and old people with breast cancer according to their clinical and pathological characteristics and prognosis. The differences in disease duration, differences in mass size, differences in axillary lymph node metastasis, differences in clinical TNM stage, differences in tissue grading, differences in ER positive expression rate, differences in PR positive expression rate, differences in HER I-2 positive expression rate, differences in postoperative chemotherapy, differences in postoperative radiotherapy, and differences in postoperative survival and prognosis in young and old breast cancer patients predict the high positive rate of lymph node metastasis, late stage, and It is important to avoid missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis and to pay attention to the role of early diagnosis and treatment. We should strive for early surgery and adopt integrated measures such as combined chemotherapy, targeted radiotherapy and tumor molecular targeting therapy after surgery, so as not to miss good opportunities and proactively treat them. As for elderly breast cancer tumors with lower malignancy and low recurrence and metastasis rate, it is advisable to choose a less invasive, shorter and less dangerous surgical procedure, pay attention to endocrine therapy, appropriate radiotherapy, chemotherapy, supportive therapy and other comprehensive measures. Treatment should weigh the pros and cons and avoid unnecessary overtreatment. Young breast cancer has a high rate of positive lymph node metastasis, late clinicopathological stage, low differentiation, low ER(+) expression rate and high HER-2(+) expression rate, low postoperative tumor-free survival rate and high recurrence and metastasis rate, all of which show their worse biological nature compared with older breast cancer, with rapid disease progression and poor prognosis. Firstly, we should pay attention to the positive effect of early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment on the prognosis of breast cancer. Secondly, young breast cancer patients who are no longer suitable for breast-conserving surgery should try to undergo early modified radical breast cancer surgery, and strive for clean and complete clearance of lesions and metastatic lymph nodes during surgery. In particular, young breast cancer cases with HER-2(+) overexpression are less sensitive to chemotherapy and endocrine therapy, so we need to adjust the treatment measures in time and choose the most appropriate new individualized comprehensive treatment plan, such as the combination of trastuzumab (Hoseltine, HercePtin) and other tumor molecular targeted therapy and other comprehensive treatment measures. In order to reduce the recurrence rate and improve the quality of life and survival time after surgery. Facing the treatment of young breast cancer we must do not sit on the lost opportunity and proactively treat young breast cancer. Finally, it is necessary for clinicians to raise awareness when examining young patients with breast disease. Early detection, diagnosis and treatment are the keys to improve the long-term survival rate of young women after breast cancer surgery.