Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in China, and is currently the fourth most prevalent malignant tumor in China. In recent years, with the improvement of people’s living standard, the rising trend of colorectal cancer incidence is very obvious, and the number of new cases is as high as 400,000 every year, many of which are middle-aged people aged 30~40. Are you a high-risk group for colon cancer? ①Age 40 years old or above. ② Have chronic gastrointestinal disorders. ③History of gallbladder or appendectomy. ④ Have precancerous lesions of intestinal cancer (e.g. adenoma, ulcerative colitis, schistosomiasis). ⑤ Have familial polyps and colon disease. ⑥History of cancer and pelvic radiotherapy. Early diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer The 5-year survival rate of patients with early stage bowel cancer is over 80%, the 5-year survival rate of patients with mid-stage bowel cancer is 70%, while the 5-year survival rate of patients with advanced stage bowel cancer is less than 50%. Blood in stool is often the first symptom of bowel cancer, followed by changes in stool habits, such as changes in time and frequency of stool, or frequent constipation or unexplained diarrhea, bloating, abdominal pain, anemia and fatigue. Since the treatment effect of early bowel cancer is very satisfactory, it is recommended that people over 35 years old should have a fecal occult blood test and anoscopy once a year, and high-risk people should also have a colonoscopy once a year. We strive to achieve early detection and early treatment. Standardized treatment of colorectal cancer Surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the three main methods in tumor treatment. At present, surgery is still the only means to cure colorectal cancer, but surgery alone is not enough to achieve complete cure for some patients, especially those in the middle and late stages, and auxiliary radiotherapy and chemotherapy are also needed. If the treatment is not standardized, it will cause irreparable damage to patients. Currently,
Clinical oncologists will select the postoperative treatment plan according to the standard treatment principles. At the same time, updated clinical guidelines for colorectal cancer are published annually, both internationally and nationally. Individualized treatment of colorectal cancer Colorectal cancer is also a highly heterogeneous disease, and it is crucial to develop individualized treatment plans so that patients can receive the most appropriate treatment and avoid unnecessary overtreatment. Postoperative pathological diagnosis and staging are decisive factors in the treatment of colorectal cancer. The need for adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery is determined according to treatment guidelines. Compared with colon cancer, rectal cancer has a much higher risk of local pelvic recurrence, and those with pelvic recurrence often have a poor prognosis. the NCCN expert panel on rectal cancer guidelines believes that a multidisciplinary and comprehensive treatment approach must be used to treat rectal cancer. Genetic testing is feasible for patients with advanced colorectal cancer to select targeted therapy to improve the therapeutic effect. Treatment of liver metastases from colorectal cancer About 15-25% of colorectal cancer patients will have simultaneous liver metastases, and 80%-90% of them are unresectable.
80%-90% of them are unresectable. If patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer are selectively given surgery to remove the liver metastases, a cure is still possible, and systemic chemotherapy is the preferred initial treatment modality. Patients with potentially resectable metastatic colorectal cancer should receive a multidisciplinary team consultation once diagnosed, including surgical oncology and imaging to assess the possibility of resection. There are five ways to prevent and treat colorectal cancer! Poor lifestyle such as smoking, alcohol consumption, sedentary lifestyle, reduced physical activity and staying up late are now recognized as risk factors for colon cancer. Therefore, prevention of bowel cancer should start from the following aspects: ① Increase the intake of dietary fiber, calcium and vitamin D. Usually, you should try to eat less fried, smoked, high-fat and high-protein food, and no food with spoilage. ② Minimize the consumption of smoked, pickled and fried foods. ③Appropriately increase the amount of exercise and weight control. ④Maintain a regular rhythm of life, quit smoking and limit alcohol. ⑤ Actively treat intestinal diseases.