The treatment method for advanced esophageal cancer is chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is usually used in advanced cases that cannot be operated or treated with radiotherapy. Although this kind of efficacy is still unsatisfactory, chemotherapy is the only exact and effective method for preventing and treating systemic metastasis of esophageal cancer, so chemotherapy occupies an important position in the treatment of esophageal cancer. NCCN recommends preoperative chemotherapy with 5-FU/DDP (cisplatin) or paclitaxel-based regimen and postoperative chemotherapy with paclitaxel-based regimen. Combined 5-FU + DDP or 5-FU + NDP (nedaplatin) regimens are the most studied and used regimens. Patients with advanced esophageal cancer need to be treated accordingly under the guidance of their doctors, which can reduce their pain.