The best way to start is to have a short video showing an elderly person falling, painful and unable to move, and people around discussing what to do to start? Like the elderly person in the video, he accidentally fell down on the road and sat there without being able to get up and walk around. We say that the chances of accidental falls are high among middle-aged and elderly people, and falls are the fourth cause of injury death in China, and the first among people over 65 years old. The death rate from falls among the elderly increases sharply with age. In addition to causing direct death in the elderly, falls are also more likely to result in corresponding injuries that can seriously affect the quality of life, also lead to disability, and affect the physical and mental health of the elderly. For example, fear after a fall can reduce the mobility of the elderly, limiting their range of activities and reducing their quality of life. Just like the old man, people around or without a little knowledge and experience, many times they are afraid to move easily in case people around improperly move the patient or the patient’s own improper activities cause more serious injuries. 1.First of all, let’s talk about why middle-aged and elderly people are more prone to fall? First, the main reason why elderly people are prone to fall is that they are old, they cannot walk steadily, their neuromuscular function has degenerated, resulting in poor body coordination. Once there are external disturbances such as obstacles like railings, stakes, sudden pedestrians, uneven steps or roads, or slippery roads, etc., the body is prone to lose balance, and elderly people have no way to adjust protection in such a short period of time, so naturally they are prone to fall. The second reason is the deterioration of the eyesight of the elderly. The second reason is the degeneration of the elderly’s eyesight, especially between the distant field of vision and the near field of vision can not be quickly converted, so can not avoid those factors that trigger the danger. Furthermore, the lower limb knee and ankle joints of the elderly gradually degenerate, joint stability is gradually lost, feet on the uneven ground, there is no way to rely on the reflex device on the periosteum to adjust the movement of the foot, just like the house foundation is not firm naturally will fall to. 2.What kind of injuries will the middle-aged and elderly have after a fall? The first is tendon injury, which is a very common type of injury. When we talk about tendon injury, it includes all kinds of injuries except fractures and dislocations, including soft tissue contusions, sprains, strains, and analysis of the causes of tendon injury. The second is fracture, we often say in Chinese medicine, the elderly liver and kidney deficiency, lack of qi and blood, can not nourish the tendons and bones, so the tendons and bones lost its original toughness, once there is trauma is very easy to fracture. Once the elderly around us have fallen and bruised, we will worry about the occurrence of fractures, after all, no matter what fracture will affect the elderly originally relatively calm life, of course, some more serious fractures are prone to induce a variety of complications, the most serious is that there will be life-threatening. The third is dislocation. In our elderly population, the chance of dislocation after a fall and trauma is relatively low, but often the elderly who come to the clinic mistake their fractures for dislocation and often doubt our doctors’ diagnosis of fractures, often thinking that fractures should be very painful, why do I only feel soreness? The main thing is that the elderly are more dull to pain, plus the texture of the elderly bone is poorer, it does not require a lot of violence to cause a fracture, so the trauma is relatively small, the pain is naturally lighter. 3.What parts of the elderly are prone to fracture after a fall? The most common fracture sites after a fall are wrist fractures, spine fractures, hip fractures, and foot fractures. The most common fracture of the wrist is a fracture of the distal radius (illustrated with pictures), which most often occurs when a person trips and falls and naturally does a wrist brace in a state of self-protection, resulting in a fracture of the wrist. Once a fracture occurs, you can often see swelling and pain in the wrist, inability to move the wrist, and sometimes numbness in the fingers. Fractures of the spine often occur between the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae (illustrated with pictures), which most often occur when slipping, landing on one’s buttocks, or bouncing in a car, or, of course, in more serious cases, when the patient sneezes and induces a fracture. Once the fracture occurs, the patient often feels sudden and severe pain in the back and lower back, or more severe soreness, and the pain is aggravated when the body is twisted, and if the fracture is severe, the leg may feel numb, and in more severe cases, there may be no feeling in the lower limbs or incontinence. Hip fractures include fractures of the femoral neck and femoral trochanter (with pictures), which most often occur when the patient slips on the side of a stool or walks and slips and falls with both hips not landing at the same time, once the fracture occurs, the patient often feels localized pain and cannot stand or walk, and sometimes there can be soreness and pain transmitted to the front of the knee joint. There is also a fracture of the hip that occurs in the pubic symphysis, which is also easy to occur in the elderly who have fallen. This simple fracture is one of the lighter pelvic fractures, and this fracture does not affect future activities much as long as it heals. Fractures of the foot include ankle fractures and fractures of the base of the fifth metatarsal (illustrated with pictures), which often occur when walking accidentally sprains the ankle, and once these fractures occur, there is often significant local swelling and inability to stand. 4.How to self-diagnose fracture or injury? After the injury, we can check ourselves to see if there is a possibility of fracture, I will introduce two simple methods: the first is the pressure pain check: this pressure pain check needs to be compared, we can check ourselves after the injury, that is, use your fingers to press gently and forcefully, starting from the area around the painful part, check gradually to the most painful part, and look for the place where the pressure pain is most serious. If the obvious painful part is on the bone, then the chance of fracture is greater, and if the pain is in the soft tissue next to the bone, then the chance of injury to the tendon is greater. Of course, this is not absolute, and the next test should be used to determine whether there is a fracture. The second is the longitudinal compression pain examination of the bone, we also call it: bone conduction pain, which is to extend the line of the bone, tapping or squeezing to see if there is pain in the injured part, if there is pain, most of them are fractures. But this action has several points to note, 1 is not to pinch to the injured part, if the pinch to the injured part will definitely hurt, and we do the examination, the place to pinch away from the injured place, so as to make a correct judgment; 2 is also the examination should be a direct squeeze, can not do the twisting action, when you do the twisting action, triggered the pulling pain of the ligament, it is possible to Some patients with ligament sprains are judged to have fractures. 5.Is it okay if there is no fracture? Many people think that after the injury, after the examination did not find a fracture, the doctor said it is a tendon injury or ligament damage, it is fine, you can walk normally, some people will even “recover” in order to early deliberately exercise activities, which is absolutely wrong, in fact, sometimes the ligament damage to the joint function is more serious than the fracture. You can imagine that once the fracture is healed or bone, but if the ligament rupture is difficult to heal in situ, even if it can be healed is fibrous connective tissue instead of the original ligament, without the original ligament elasticity and the ability to resist pulling, the local stability must be affected ah.