In the rehabilitation clinic, we often encounter middle-aged and elderly people who look at low back pain, and many patients often have various misunderstandings in the treatment and exercise of low back pain. According to Associate Professor Wu Wen of the Department of Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy of Zhujiang Hospital attached to Southern Medical University, low back pain refers to low back pain, hip pain, leg pain, leg and foot pain, or pain in these parts at the same time, and its incidence is second only to cold. Because of the slow course of the disease, people often do not pay much attention to it, and the majority of people do not seek medical attention until it seriously affects their working life, which delays the disease and leads to poor treatment effect, or even difficult to cure, causing lifelong pain. There are three types of causes of low back pain For a long time, people have thought that lumbar disc herniation is the main cause of low back pain, but in fact, the low back pain caused by it only accounts for about 10% of all cases of low back pain. This is because, according to available statistics, there are dozens of diseases that can cause low back pain, which are roughly of three major types: one is bone, joint and soft tissue lesions, especially spinal and paraspinal tissue lesions: including acute lumbar sprain, lumbar disc herniation, lumbar small joint disorder, ankylosing spondylitis, lumbar spondylolisthesis, lumbar spinal stenosis, spinal fracture dislocation, lumbar spine osteoporosis, supraspinal ligament injury, interspinous ligament injury The second is the involvement pain of visceral diseases and pain caused by acute and chronic inflammation and tumors of the spine, such as kidney diseases, male prostate lesions, female pelvic, uterine and adnexal lesions, chronic pancreatitis, diabetes mellitus, gout, coronary heart disease, retroperitoneal lesions, peptic ulcers, inflammation and tumors of the spine and paravertebral areas, etc.; the third is psychosomatic diseases, such as hysteria and depression. The third is psychosomatic diseases, such as dysthymia and depression. There was a patient Auntie Zhang, 48 years old, suffering from lumbar and leg pain for 3 years, with stiffness and fatigue, poor sleep, CT showed a slight bulging of the lumbar 4/5 disc, and was diagnosed as “lumbar disc herniation” in several hospitals, after oral painkillers, traction, massage and physical therapy treatment, the effect was not obvious. After careful inquiry, Auntie Zhang had neck, back and shoulder pain, stiffness and fatigue in addition to lumbar and leg pain, plus obvious depression, and was considered to be “myofibromyalgia”, which was treated with painkillers, anti-anxiety and depression and exercise, and the pain was relieved and discharged. Therefore, it is important not to take low back pain lightly, nor to lose confidence in treatment, but to clarify the cause is the key to treatment. Only when the cause is clear and the root cause is found can the best treatment effect be obtained. In terms of treatment, the treatment methods for low back pain caused by degeneration, strain and other causes of bone and joint soft tissue lesions can be summarized into three categories: 1. Conservative treatment: including medication, bed rest, physical therapy (such as various kinds of electrotherapy, magnetic therapy, phototherapy, traction, heat therapy, exercise therapy, fumigation, etc.). The advantage is that it is safe and painless, but the disadvantage is that the course of treatment is relatively long. If the cause of the disease is accurately judged and the treatment method is properly selected, most patients can achieve clinical healing. 2, minimally invasive treatment: including injection therapy, acupuncture, small needle knife, buried thread, floating needle, collagenase, ozone, radio frequency, freezing, laser vaporization, plasma treatment, etc.. Part of the disease is suitable for use, for some patients with “immediate effect”. This method is effective, fast, short, safe, less painful for the patient, and relatively less expensive, but requires a hospital with certain technical equipment and certain experienced doctors. 3.Surgical treatment: Some diseases must be treated surgically to remove pain, such as bony spinal stenosis, disc prolapse and free, tumor, etc.. Surgery has the characteristics of reliable efficacy, thorough treatment and short course of treatment, but the damage is relatively large, risky and costly. Exercise varies from disease to disease Exercise is an important conservative treatment for low back pain and an important measure to prevent recurrence of low back pain. However, most people think that lifting the legs, stretching the waist, doing exercises or following some health care manuals can be done, which is a big misconception, because health care manuals are universal, and patients’ conditions are very different, so blind exercise is most likely to be counterproductive. There is a Mr. Li, 58 years old, low back and leg pain for 4 years, according to the health care book exercise lumbar muscle, for “flying swallow” exercise for 2 weeks, the pain increased. The film found that “lumbar 5 isthmus crack with vertebral body slippage”, after the “leg bending” exercise, pain relief, improved discharge. This is because the exercise methods of vertebral body slippage and lumbar disc bulge are completely different, the former requires bending exercise, the latter requires back extension exercise. Therefore, scientific exercise can really play a role in the prevention and control. There are many causes of lumbar pain, and the key to treatment is to find out the cause.