The severity of nodular ground-glass shadow under the pleura of the upper lobe of the right lung should be determined according to the cause of the disease. Benign lung lesions caused by bacterial, viral, tuberculosis and other infections are not serious, while ground-glass shadows caused by lung malignant tumors are more serious. The upper lobe of the right lung has a large amount of inflammatory exudation in the alveolar cavity due to bacterial, viral and tuberculosis infections, which can be seen as nodular ground-glass shadows under the pleura on imaging, and the ground-glass nodular shadows can be narrowed or disappeared after timely treatment with medication, and the commonly used medications include cefaclor, amoxicillin, rifampicin, isoniazid, and ribavirin, etc., and the specific medications should be used in accordance with the doctor’s prescription. However, lung malignant tumors can also be seen in the upper lobe of the right lung under the pleura nodular ground glass shadow, this situation is more serious, will cause obstructive pneumonia, dyspnea, fever, panic, shortness of breath and other symptoms. Malignant tumors may also spread and metastasize throughout the body, causing dysfunction and failure of multiple organs throughout the body, thus affecting the quality of life and shortening life expectancy. Patients with nodular ground glass shadows under the pleura of the upper lobe of the right lung should go to the hospital in time to improve the examination and give targeted treatment after clarifying the cause of the disease.